气象学报2025，Vol.83Issue(2)：193-208,16.DOI:10.11676/qxxb2025.20240074
山区干环境下弱降水超级单体龙卷事件研究
Analysis of low-precipitation supercell-induced tornado event under ambient dry conditions in a mountainous region
摘要
Abstract
An analysis of two EF1 weak tornadoes that occurred in Weichang and Longhua including the pre-storm environmental conditions and fine structures is conducted based on observations of radars on different bands and wind profile radars.The results show that the tornado occurred under the background of northwesterly flows behind a 500 hPa cold vortex,and the tornadic supercells were triggered by the dryline and its associated surface convergence.The supercell tornadoes occurred in the pre-storm environment with strong convective available potential energy(CAPE)and 0-6 km vertical wind shear,while water vapor at the low level and 0-1 km vertical wind shear significantly increased.The thunderstorm activity in the afternoon improved low-level moisture.The reflectivity of these two tornadic supercells was overall less intense with that of the Weichang tornado less than 40 dBz.The area was small and the precipitation near the tornado was less than 2 mm.The rotating updraft corresponding to the mesocyclone and the hook echo head were separated from the precipitation echo.Both of these two tornadic storms exhibited low-precipitation(LP)supercell characteristics.In this paper,the pre-storm environment and structural evolution of the two LP supercell storms are recorded.Moderate mesocyclone at low levels and tornadic vortex signatures(TVS)were identified,indicating the X-band radar can capture the LP supercell tornado.The occurrence of the TVS corresponded well with the occurrence of the Weichang tornado,and the Longhua TVS was detected 8 min in advance,indicating that the leading time for the LP supercell tornado warning was limit.关键词
龙卷/干环境/超级单体/弱降水/山区Key words
Tornado/Dry environment/Supercell/Low-precipitation/Mountainous area分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
王宏,王秀明,王万筠,赵岩,裴宇杰,胡赛安,冯钰博,杨域,姜旭..山区干环境下弱降水超级单体龙卷事件研究[J].气象学报,2025,83(2):193-208,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3004104)、中国气象局重点创新团队(CMA2022ZD07)、河北省气象局灾害性天气机理研究创新团队、承德市基础研究项目(202305B074). （2022YFC3004104）
