色谱2025，Vol.43Issue(5)：424-433,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2024.10029
外泌体的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展
Advances in exosome-targeting aptamer-screening techniques
摘要
Abstract
Exosomes play crucial intercellular-communication roles and regulate various cellu-lar physiological processes.They are considered potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancers and other diseases.Therefore,detecting and isolating exosomes with specific functions has significant clinical implications.Moreover,the development of low-cost,highly sensitive recognition elements for identifying exosomes is essential for advancing early disease diagnosis and treatment.Nucleic acid aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules capable of specifically binding to targets and are produced through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX)technique.Such aptamers are highly stable,chemically syn-thesizable,exhibit high affinities and specificities,and are applicable to a broad range of tar-gets,which endow them with unique advantages.Currently,aptamers that target exosomes have been used in a variety of research fields,including cell imaging,drug delivery,and dis-ease diagnosis and treatment.However,selecting aptamers that precisely identify specific exo-somes is significantly challenging owing to the complex structures of exosome and their hetero-geneity.Consequently,obtaining high-performance aptamers requires efficient screening techniques.This review first summarizes the functions and selection strategies of key targets for exosome-aptamer screening.Furthermore,it outlines the main methods and techniques current-ly used to screen exosome aptamers,which includes five screening techniques:magnetic bead-SELEX,microfluidic-SELEX,nitrocellulose-SELEX,cell-SELEX,and capillary electrophoresis-SELEX.The separation principles,advantages,limitations,and the latest applications of these techniques are discussed in detail.The review finally addresses current challenges associated with selecting exosome aptamers and provides insight into future research directions.关键词
适配体/指数富集系统进化技术/外泌体Key words
aptamer/systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX)/exosome分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
郑李婷,杨歌,屈锋..外泌体的核酸适配体筛选技术研究进展[J].色谱,2025,43(5):424-433,10.基金项目
北京市自然科学基金(7222310) （7222310）
国家自然科学基金项目(82204263,22274009,9921874010).Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.7222310) （82204263,22274009,9921874010）
National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82204263,22274009,9921874010). （Nos.82204263,22274009,9921874010）
