中国生态农业学报（中英文）2025，Vol.33Issue(4)：656-666,11.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20240431
东北薄层黑土区协调玉米产量和环境效应的氮肥一次性投入阈值
Input threshold of one-time application of nitrogen fertilizer to coordinate maize yield and environmental effects in thin layer black soil region of Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
To explore the input threshold of a one-time application of N fertilizer that considers maize yield and environmental effects in the black soil region of Northeast China,this study established a 8-year field experiment in the black thin-layer soil region of Jilin Province(Liufangzi Village,Gongzhuling City)from 2016 to 2023.This study revealed the responses of maize yield,N uptake and utilization,soil NO3--N content,and soil N apparent balance to different N fertilizer application rates under the condi-tion of a one-time application of N fertilizer(common urea plus controlled-release N fertilizer at a N ratio of 4∶6).Six N fertilizer application treatments were established:0,70,140,210,280,and 350 kg·hm-2,labeled as N0,N70,N140,N210,N280,and N350,res-pectively.The results showed that the 8-year average maize yield increased by 63.8％-188.8％under N fertilizer application treat-ments compared with no N fertilizer,and significant differences were observed(P＜0.05).The advantages of maize yield under N fer-tilizer application treatments were mainly attributed to the increased grains per ear and 100-kernel weight of maize.The maize yield showed an upward trend with increased N fertilizer application rates,reaching the yield platform under 210 kg·hm-2 of N fertilizer ap-plication rate.With this N fertilizer application rate,the average maize yield over eight years was 11 668 kg·hm-2.N apparent recovery efficiency(REN),N agronomic efficiency(AEN),and N partial factor productivity(PFPN)decreased with increasing N fertilizer application rates.The NO3--N contents in the 0-100 cm soil layer increased with increasing N application rates.The NO3--N content under N210 treatment was similar to the initial value of the experiment after the maize was harvested in 2023.In the 8-year experi-ment,the N apparent balance results showed that inorganic N residual and N apparent loss increased with increasing N fertilizer ap-plication rates.Inorganic N residual under N210 treatment was similar to the initial values in the experiment.When it reached the yield platform at 208.8 kg·hm-2 of N fertilizer application rate,maize yield,N apparent recovery efficiency,inorganic N residual,and N apparent loss were 11 835 kg·hm-2,48.2％,172.3 kg·hm-2,and 53.9 kg·hm-2 respectively.The calculated theoretical results for maize yield,N apparent recovery efficiency,and N apparent loss matched well with the observed values under the maximum maize yield under N210 treatment.Within the 95％confidence interval of the N fertilizer application rate under the theoretical maximum maize yield,the optimum N fertilizer application rate was calculated at 198-219 kg·hm-2.In conclusion,the range of N fertilizer application at 198-219 kg·hm-2 obtained higher maize yield and N use efficiency,maintained the basic stability of soil N pools before and after maize harvest,and maintained N apparent loss to a lower level.Therefore,it can be used as an input threshold for the one-time appli-cation of N fertilizer that considers maize yield and environmental effects.These results provide a theoretical basis for the one-time application of N fertilizer to maize in the black,thin-layered soil region of Northeast China.关键词
黑土区/玉米产量/环境效应/控释氮肥/氮素利用效率/氮素平衡Key words
black soil region/maize yield/environmental effects/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer/nitrogen use efficiency/nitrogen balance分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
孔丽丽,尹彩侠,张磊,刘志全,侯云鹏,高洪军,徐新朋..东北薄层黑土区协调玉米产量和环境效应的氮肥一次性投入阈值[J].中国生态农业学报（中英文）,2025,33(4):656-666,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500104)和吉林省科技发展计划项目(20220202024NC)资助 This study was supported by the National Key Research & Development Project of China(2022YFD1500104)and the Science and Technology Devel-opment Plan Project of Jilin Province(20220202024NC). （2022YFD1500104）
