南方建筑Issue(4)：25-36,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2025.04.004
伞状竹结构设计方法与技术策略研究
Design Methods and Technological Strategies of Umbrella Bamboo Structures
摘要
Abstract
Bamboo,a renewable green building material,has the advantages of rapid growth,high strength,and plasticity.The umbrella-shaped structure is a common bamboo structure because it can fully express the natural aesthetics of bamboo.Two types of umbrella-shaped bamboo structures,namely the"cantilevered type"and"supported type",were extracted through graphical analysis,structural performance analysis,design derivation,and other methods.(1)Cantilevered type.This is in the shape of an inverted cone,and its structure has the following characteristics:the stress of the component is mainly concentrated at the node on the top of the bamboo umbrella,the annular component weakens the stress of the cantilever arch,and the deformation of the structure gradually increases from the bottom to the top,limiting the cantilever span.The structural strategy has two methods:truss type and branch type.The truss type uses triangular or square lattice units to form an umbrella-shaped structure,which is suitable for smaller-scale bamboo umbrellas.The branch type forms a complex umbrella-shaped structure by combining straight columns and curved arches,which is suitable for larger-scale bamboo umbrellas.The design of key nodes includes mortise-tenon connections and hemp-rope binding to ensure the stable connection of multiple types and multi-directional rods.Owing to the limited bearing capacity of a single cantilever bamboo umbrella,it is necessary to improve the structural stability through cluster combination,which is suitable for smaller-scale buildings.Clustered umbrella groups usually have proportional modules,and a modular system can be introduced into the design and construction process.(2)Supported type.This is shaped like a straw hat,and its structural characteristics are introduced as follows:the load is transferred from the roof to the ring beam,and then to the central and the surrounding columns.Furthermore,the boundary can be grounded by bamboo beams or additional side columns,which affects the vertical height and plane scale of the structure.The grouping strategy includes single and clustered approaches.The single structure has a smaller span and scale with the roof made of lightweight materials and supported at the boundaries.The clustered structure generates multi-curvature surfaces or retains conical shapes through topological aggregation or linear splicing.Key structural designs include bolt/bamboo nail anchoring and mortise-tenon joints to ensure the stability and safety of the structure.In combination with the mechanical properties and morphological characteristics of bamboo,it optimizes the structure and transforms space,with a relatively flexible scale.It can be realized through independent or clustered construction strategies,which are suitable for large-scale buildings.In areas with low technology availability or incomplete regulations,structural redundancy and architectural differences need to be considered to ensure the safety and stability of the building.This study provides important theoretical and practical references for the application of bamboo to contemporary architecture,which not only promotes the development of the forestry economy,but also forms a unique bamboo structure culture.关键词
伞状竹结构/悬臂型/支承型/设计/建造Key words
umbrella bamboo structure/cantilever type/support type/design/construction分类
土木建筑引用本文复制引用
黄昱铭,赵亚敏,辛善超..伞状竹结构设计方法与技术策略研究[J].南方建筑,2025,(4):25-36,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(52038007):基于中华语境"建筑-人-环境"融贯机制的当代营建体系重构研究 （52038007）
天津市科技计划项目(20JCQNJC01630):基于系统模块化分析的建筑"设计与建造"方法优化研究 （20JCQNJC01630）
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M730410):基于循环建造机制的地震多发山地木构农宅改造设计方法——以川渝为例. （2023M730410）
