南方建筑Issue(4)：59-69,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2025.04.007
海南古八景审美意象和景观特征解析
Analysis of the Aesthetic Image and Landscape Characteristics of Hainan's Ancient Eight Views
摘要
Abstract
The Eight Views represent a collection of regional landscapes from an aesthetic perspective.Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views occupy a special geographical location and have significant records,playing an important role in traditional Chinese culture.However,they have been significantly affected by the passage of time,resulting in poor maintenance.Ruins and poems are available about many of Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views,but they lack protection;therefore,their record-keeping and intelligibility are significantly affected. Among existing information,poems serve as the most abundant and well-preserved reference materials for Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views.By composing poems about the Eight Views,the ancients integrated their cognition of spatial places with their own aesthetics and emotions,recording historical and geographical landscape information. Based on the textual data of poems about Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views and the comprehensive application of text mining and spatial mapping techniques,this study summarizes clusters of landscape themes by analyzing the creative elements,emotional vocabulary,semantic analysis,and spatial locations mentioned in relevant poems.The relationship between the aesthetic themes of Eight Views and their aesthetic spatial layouts was explored thoroughly.Furthermore,the relationship between aesthetic cognition and landscape characteristics was analyzed,facilitating a discussion of the landscape features of Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views. Through the data-based analysis of 622 poems about Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views,some conclusions could be drawn:(1)Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views highlight five major themes:"mountain peaks shrouded in clouds and mist","wanderings amidst mountain traces","sunset over steep cliffs","fishing boats at dusk",and"tower shadows bathed in twilight glow".They embody the detached perspective of a spiritual space beyond the mundane world and the delight of close-range travel in an aesthetic and pleasurable living space.These themes have formed two recognizable structural landscapes:magnificent and stirring coastal scenery and natural and leisurely countryside.(2)In terms of the macroscopic spatial distribution,Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views cover the entire island,with a concentration in towns,surrounded by mountains and seas.They are distributed along the coast,more sparse in the north and concentrated in the south,and more numerous in the east than in the west.This distribution pattern is closely related to the natural environment,territorial development,and socio-economic development of Hainan Island.At the micro level,individual Eight Views landscapes were analyzed using spatial scene simulation,which yielded three spatial creation methods:the streamline type,cohesive type,and enclosed type.These landscapes focus on mountains and water bodies,feature a compact layout,and show scenes like ponds,toads,and coconut tree shadows in a poetic and picturesque manner.Influenced by literati landscape aesthetics,they emphasize the sequence and artistic conception of landscapes,as well as the characteristics of life experiences.(3)Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views originated relatively late but developed rapidly,with a complete system and coexistence of diversified landscapes.They highlight the landscapes'regional characteristics by being grounded in the local area,drawing inspiration from nature and transmitting humanistic charm. In the new era,the landscape aesthetics depicted in the poems were explored and inherited from the perspective of ancient Eight Views poetry.Moreover,key tasks like tourism development,rural revitalisation,and landscape restoration were integrated according to local conditions,which helps protect,inherit,develop and innovate Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views.关键词
海南岛古八景/古诗词/文本挖掘/审美认知Key words
Hainan Island's ancient Eight Views/ancient poetry/text mining/aesthetic cognition分类
土木建筑引用本文复制引用
肖玉冰,杨定海,陈智健,孟元,袁一哲,胡刘千慧..海南古八景审美意象和景观特征解析[J].南方建筑,2025,(4):59-69,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52168002):"三生空间"视角下海南岛传统村落文化地理特征及形成机理研究 （52168002）
2024年度海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(ZC)24-156):海南八景演变及其传统思想的当代传承研究 （HNSK(ZC）
海南省自然科学基金资助项目(725MS067):景观基因视角下海南岛传统村落活态保护及有机更新研究 （725MS067）
海南省自然科学基金资助项目(322MS011):风景园林视角下海南岛农业文化遗产空间格局特征及其景观体系研究. （322MS011）
