中国土壤与肥料Issue(3)：57-68,12.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.24368
施氮量与品种对甜高粱产量、产量构成因素及氮肥利用率的影响研究
Studies on the effect of nitrogen application and variety on yield,yield components and nitrogen fertilizer utilization of sweet sorghum
摘要
Abstract
In order to analyze the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and varieties on the agronomic traits and yield of sweet sorghum,four varieties[LiaoTian 3(A),LiaoTian 1(B),Dalishi(C)and 3701(D)]were used as the materials in this experiment,and four nitrogen application treatments were set up(CK:N 0 kg·hm-2,N1:N 34.5 kg·hm-2,N2:N 138 kg·hm-2 N3:N 241.5 kg·hm-2),and the related indicators such as agronomic traits,sugar content,chlorophyll,and yield of straw in five periods[division stage(S1),nodulation stage(S2),tassel stage(S3),milky stage(S4)and maturity stage(S5)]were determined.The variation pattern and correlation analysis between yield and yield composition factors was analyzed.The results showed that from division to maturity stages,varieties had a significant impact on the law of change of sweet sorghum moisture,chlorophyll,plant height,stem thickness,number of leaves,sugar content and fresh weight of single plant in the varieties and nitrogen treatments.The growth was rapid from the tillering stage to the tasseling stage,while it changed slowly from tasseling stage to maturity stage,and reach the maximum value in the maturity stage.Application of nitrogen,varieties and the interactions of nitrogen applications with the varieties significantly(P<0.01)affected plant height,stem diameter,sugar content,moisture content,dry matter content,fresh weight per plant,thousand grain weight,grain and biomass yield in maturity stage.The fresh weight per plant,biomass yield and thousand grain weight of the four varieties increased with the increase of nitrogen application,and under the same nitrogen application conditions,the biomass yield was in the order of C＞A＞D＞B,and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency ranged from 11.74％to 27.68％,of which varieties A,B and D showed significantly higher nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency in the N2 nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency range.The nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of varieties A,B and D was significantly higher than that of other treatments in N2,and variety B had the highest nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency(27.68％).In summary,the amount of nitrogen application and varieties had a significant impact on the growth,yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization of sweet sorghum,but excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer led to the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer utilization and increase in economic inputs.For variety B,nitrogen fertilizer dosage of 138 kg·hm-2 was conducive to the improvement of the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer utilization,and variety C,as a preferred high-yield and high-quality varieties,241.5 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application was conducive to the high yield.Therefore,it was more scientific and reasonable to choose variety B or C for planting in this area.关键词
甜高粱/施氮量/农艺性状/生物产量/氮素利用率Key words
sweet sorghum/nitrogen application/agronomic traits/biological yield/nitrogen utilization引用本文复制引用
张鸟,王卉,赵云,胡相伟,冯国郡,刘国庆,艾克拜尔·伊拉洪,再吐尼古丽·库尔班..施氮量与品种对甜高粱产量、产量构成因素及氮肥利用率的影响研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(3):57-68,12.基金项目
新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2024003-36). （xjnkywdzc-2024003-36）
