物理学报2025，Vol.74Issue(7)：284-299,16.DOI:10.7498/aps.74.20241709
固态核磁共振量子控制及其应用
Quantum control based on solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and its applications
摘要
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)has emerged as an important technique for material characterization,finding extensive applications across a diverse range of disciplines including physics,materials science,chemistry,and biology.Its utility stems from the ability to probe the local atomic environments and molecular dynamics within solid materials,which provides information on the composition of the material.In recent years,the scope of solid-state NMR has expanded into the realm of quantum information science and technology,where its abundant many-body interactions pulse control methodologies make it have significant research value and application potential.This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the research objects and theoretical underpinnings of solid-state NMR,delving into the critical nuclear spin interaction mechanisms and their corresponding Hamiltonian forms.These interactions,which include dipolar coupling,chemical shift anisotropy,and quadrupolar interactions,are fundamental to the interpretation of NMR spectra and the understanding of material properties at the atomic level.Moreover,the paper introduces typical dynamical control methods employed in the manipulation of solid-state nuclear spins.Techniques such as dynamical decoupling,which mitigates the effects of spin-spin interactions to extend coherence times,and magic-angle spinning,which averages out anisotropic interactions to yield high-resolution spectra.These methods are essential for enhancing the sensitivity and resolution of NMR experiments,enabling the extraction of detailed structural and dynamic information from complex materials.Then we introduce some recent advancements in quantum control based on solid-state NMR,such as nuclear spin polarization enhancement techniques,which include dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP)and cross polarization(CP),significantly boost the sensitivity of NMR measurements.Additionally,the control techniques of Floquet average Hamiltonians are mentioned,showcasing their role in the precise manipulation of quantum states and the realization of quantum dynamics.Finally,the paper presents a series of seminal research works that illustrate the application of solid-state NMR quantum control technologies in the field of quantum simulation.These studies demonstrate how solid-state NMR can be leveraged to simulate and investigate quantum many-body systems,providing valuable insights into quantum phase transitions,entanglement dynamics,and other phenomena relevant to quantum information science.By bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical applications,solid-state NMR continues to play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of quantum materials and technologies.关键词
固态核磁共振/量子控制/核自旋相互作用/量子模拟Key words
solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance/quantum control/nuclear spin interactions/quantum simulation引用本文复制引用
赵立强,李宇晨,尹浩川,张晟昱,吴泽,彭新华..固态核磁共振量子控制及其应用[J].物理学报,2025,74(7):284-299,16.基金项目
科技创新2030—"量子通信与量子计算机"重大项目(批准号:2021ZD0303205)、国家自然科学基金(批准号:12261160569)、国家自然科学基金/香港研资局合作研究计划(批准号:CUHK401/22)、新基石科学基金、中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2023M733416)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号:WK2030000084)资助的课题. Project supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0303205),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12261160569),the National Natural Science Foundation of China/Hong Kong RGC Collaborative Research Scheme(Grant No.CUHK401/22),the New Cornerstone Science Foundation,the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M733416),and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WK2030000084). （批准号:2021ZD0303205）
