作物学报2025，Vol.51Issue(5)：1378-1388,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.43036
化肥配施有机物料对玉米田土壤细菌和真菌群落结构的影响
Effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic materials on the soil bacterial and fungal community structure in maize fields
摘要
Abstract
The neglect of organic material inputs in agricultural fields has significant impacts on the structure of soil microbial communities,reduces soil nutrient availability,and leads to low maize yields.This study investigated the effects of organic mate-rial amendments on soil bacterial and fungal communities,soil chemical properties,and maize yield.The aim was to explore changes in soil microbial community structure and analyze the relationship between microbial communities and soil chemical properties,providing a scientific basis for optimized fertilization practices,the maintenance of soil microbial ecosystems,and sustainable agricultural development.A two-year field experiment with continuous fertilization treatments was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fertilization regimes on the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of maize fields.The treatments included as follows:(1)single chemical fertilizer application(control),(2)chemical fertilizer+straw rot,(3)chemical fertilizer+fulvic acid,and(4)chemical fertilizer+chicken manure.The results showed that combining chemical fertilizer with organic materials increased maize yield and enhanced soil nutrient availability.Continuous application of organic materials also influenced the alpha diversity of soil microorganisms(bacteria and fungi).For example,compared with the single chemical fertilizer treatment,the chemical fertilizer+straw rot treatment increased the bacterial Shannon index,ACE index,and Chao1 index by 2.42%,23.24%,and 23.19%,respectively.However,fungal alpha diversity showed a decreasing trend under the same treatment.At the taxonomic level,Vicinamibacterales and Sphingomonadales(from Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria,re-spectively)were the dominant bacterial orders,while Sordariales(from Ascomycota)was the dominant fungal order.Soil micro-bial diversity was strongly correlated with soil nutrient content.In conclusion,the combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic materials can regulate soil microbial community structure,enhance microbial diversity,and improve soil health and productivity in dryland maize farming systems.In particular,fertilizer combined with straw rot has the best effect.关键词
化肥/玉米田/腐殖酸/微生物相互作用/关键分类群Key words
fertilization/maize field/humic acid/microbial interaction/keystone taxa引用本文复制引用
蒋雨洲,王甲,张宏媛,冯文豪,王鹏,李玉义..化肥配施有机物料对玉米田土壤细菌和真菌群落结构的影响[J].作物学报,2025,51(5):1378-1388,11.基金项目
本研究由财政部和农业农村部国家现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-24)资助. This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-24). （CARS-02-24）
