中国烟草科学2025，Vol.46Issue(2)：1-8,8.DOI:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2025.02.001
田间成熟度对烟叶机械采收效果的影响
Influence of Field Maturity on Mechanical Harvesting Effect of Tobacco Leaves
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the effects of field-grown flue-cured tobacco maturity on mechanical harvesting performance,middle(C)and upper(B)leaves of Zhongyan 100 were selected as experimental materials.Three maturity levels—low(M1),medium(M2),and high(M3)—were tested,and the following parameters were measured:mechanical harvesting quality,mechanical property indices,stem-leaf angles,and cell wallrelated components.A correlation analysis was conducted between cell wall components and mechanical properties.The results showed that:With increasing maturity,1)The mechanical harvesting damage rate first decreased and then increased.The damage rates of CM2 and BM2 were 6.96%and 8.42%,respectively,with significant differences between treatments.The harvesting completeness rate gradually increased,but no significant difference was observed between medium and high maturity levels.2)The maximum tensile force of mesophyll and veins decreased,while the displacement at maximum tensile force increased.The flexibility coefficient and elongation rate increased,whereas the elastic modulus decreased.The bending strength of veins showed a declining trend.3)Cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin contents exhibited a gradient decline(CM1>CM2>CM3,BM1>BM2>BM3)and were significantly positively correlated with elastic modulus and bending strength.4)The stem-leaf angles of middle and upper leaves increased,while the stem-leaf binding force gradually decreased.The stem-leaf angles of CM3 and BM3 were 67.78°-87.60° and 69.45°-86.89°,respectively,which were deemed unfavorable for mechanical harvesting operations.Therefore,it is recommended to perform mechanical harvesting when the field-grown tobacco leaves reach medium maturity to achieve collaborative optimization of net extraction rate and damage rate.关键词
烤烟烟叶/细胞壁成分/力学特性/机械采收Key words
flue-cured tobacco leaves/cell wall components/mechanical properties/mechanical harvesting分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
王鹏,龚达平,管恩森,解敏敏,孙玉军,任杰,刘自畅,徐秀红..田间成熟度对烟叶机械采收效果的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2025,46(2):1-8,8.基金项目
中国烟草总公司山东省公司科技重点项目(202114) （202114）
中国烟草总公司重大科技项目计划项目[110202201007(JY-07)] （JY-07）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC03) （ASTIP-TRIC03）
