储能科学与技术2025，Vol.14Issue(4)：1484-1495,12.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0897
过充导致三元锂电池电动汽车火灾的试验研究
Experimental study on NCM lithium-ion battery electric vehicle fire caused by overcharging
彭磊 1倪照鹏 2于越 3孙福鹏 3夏修龙 3张鹏 3孙思博4
作者信息
- 1. 天津泰达消防科技有限公司,天津 300381||天津海泰消防科技中心,天津 300381
- 2. 中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏 徐州 221116
- 3. 青岛特中和智慧科技有限公司,山东 青岛 266104
- 4. 天津泰达消防科技有限公司,天津 300381
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Because NCM lithium-ion batteries are currently the primary energy source for electric vehicles,overcharging them could trigger thermal runaway and lead to serious vehicle fire accidents.In this study,a fire test of a NCM lithium-ion battery electric vehicle was performed by overcharging the battery.During the test,the temperatures inside the battery pack,under the chassis,on the car surface,inside the car,and the radiative heat flux intensities all around the car were measured.In addition,the fire heat release rate was measured using the oxygen consumption principle.The results show that after the thermal runaway of the battery pack,combustible gases were released and ignited,forming a jet flame.The horizontal distance of the flame jet was approximately 4 m.The flame quickly ignited the tires of the vehicle and other combustible materials around the chassis.The resulting fire broke the window,igniting the interior and seats within the vehicle compartments.The vehicle was engulfed in an intense flame.The fire growth rate(α=0.98 kW/s2)of the tested vehicle was significantly higher than that of an ultra-fast fire(α=0.1875 kW/s2),and the peak heat release rate was approximately 8.0 MW.The peak radiative heat flux intensities at 0.5 and 1.0 m from the edge of the vehicle were 60-80 and 30-35 kW/m2,respectively,which could ignite nearby vehicles and cause fire to spread.关键词
电动汽车/三元锂离子电池/过充/热失控/火灾蔓延/火灾热释放速率Key words
electric vehicle/NCM lithium-ion battery/overcharge/thermal runaway/fire spread/heat release rate分类
安全科学引用本文复制引用
彭磊,倪照鹏,于越,孙福鹏,夏修龙,张鹏,孙思博..过充导致三元锂电池电动汽车火灾的试验研究[J].储能科学与技术,2025,14(4):1484-1495,12.
