铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(4)：1468-1479,12.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241040
高速列车橡胶外风挡结构设计及压缩量对其振动特性影响研究
Research on the impact of structural design and compression of rubber exterior windshields of high-speed train on vibration characteristics
摘要
Abstract
To address issues such as severe vibrations and noise in the exterior windshield area of high-speed trains caused by complex vibration characteristics,which may further damage the windshield structure,a combined approach of finite element theoretical analysis and modal test verification was adopted.This study investigated the influence of the rubber cross-sectional shape,material hardness,and shoulder opening width on the vibration characteristics of rubber exterior windshield structures used in high-speed trains.Considering different rubber exterior windshield structural forms and the varying compression amounts of the inner and outer windshields during train turns,the modal characteristics of six different structural schemes and different compression amounts were analyzed.Furthermore,a windshield test bench was set up,and the natural frequencies were obtained through modal tests,verifying the accuracy of the finite element analysis.The results indicate that the natural frequency of the exterior windshield structure can be effectively reduced by changing the rubber section shape and material hardness,while the variation of the rubber shoulder opening width has little impact on its natural frequency.Further analysis on the changes in natural frequencies of various exterior windshield structural schemes under different compression levels revealed that the overall natural frequency of each scheme decreases as the compression level increases,with Scheme 4 having a lower natural frequency than other schemes under various compression levels.Therefore,the modal analysis method enables a systematic comparison of the natural frequencies among different structural forms of exterior windshields,allowing for the selection of optimized designs that significantly reduce vibration frequency,effectively achieve vibration and noise reduction,and even mitigate potential damage to the exterior windshield structure caused by vibration.The research findings can provide guidance for the optimized design of exterior windshield structural schemes in terms of vibration reduction and noise suppression as well as structural damage prevention.关键词
高速列车/橡胶外风挡/有限元分析/振动特性/模态试验Key words
high-speed trains/rubber windshield/finite element analysis/vibration characteristics/modal test分类
交通运输引用本文复制引用
俞成涛,顾铖,潘澳,徐磊,王加政..高速列车橡胶外风挡结构设计及压缩量对其振动特性影响研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(4):1468-1479,12.基金项目
江苏省青蓝工程优秀青年骨干教师项目(202111) （202111）
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(24KJA460003) （24KJA460003）
常州市应用基础研究计划项目(CJ20241070) （CJ20241070）
