贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(4)：94-103,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.04.011
贵州姑箐古茶树种质资源的生化成分特征分析与评价
Analysis and Evaluation of Biochemical Component Characteristics of Guqing Ancient Tea Tree Germplasm Resources in Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The biochemical composition characteristics of Guqing ancient tea trees germplasm resources in Guizhou were explored to provide references for their development and utilization.[Method]Taking 12 Guqing ancient tea tree germplasm from(NY01-NY12)Nayong County,Guizhou Province as material,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was employed to quantify alkaloids,catechins,and amino acid components in one-bud-two-leaf shoots.Correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),and suitability evaluation were integrated to comprehensively assess biochemical traits and quality.[Result]Guqing ancient tea trees exhibited rich genetic variation,with coefficients of variation(CV)for 24 biochemical components ranging from 8.148%(caffeine)to 113.830%(valine),and genetic diversity indices from 1.181(tea polyphenols)to 1.950(LEU).Caffeine,epicatechin gallate(ECG),and theanine were identified as dominant constituents of alkaloids,catechins,and amino acids,respectively.The average phenol-to-amino acid ratio(8.922)and catechin quality index(1 170.759%)suggested suitability for processing into brisk tea products.The correlation analysis showed strong correlations existed between alkaloids and catechins,with antagonistic interactions among alkaloids.Catechins exhibited both synergistic and antagonistic relationships.Four principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate was 84.425%.The first principal component was determined by EGCG,ECG,EC,and EGC,serving as key factors for evaluating germplasm resource of Guqing ancient tea trees.[Conclusion]Guqing ancient tea trees have rich genetic diversity and biochemical specificity in catechin composition.EGCG,ECG,EC,and EGC are critical markers for evaluating germplasm resource of Guqing ancient tea trees.Germplasm resources NY01,NY09,NY10,NY11,and NY12,with high ECG content,hold significant value for breeding novel tea cultivars.关键词
茶树/姑箐古茶/种质资源/生物碱/儿茶素/氨基酸/遗传多样性/适制性Key words
tea trees/Guqing ancient tea/germplasm resources/alkaloids/catechins/amino acid/genetic diver-sity/suitability分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
梁思慧,郭维,杨春,郭燕..贵州姑箐古茶树种质资源的生化成分特征分析与评价[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(4):94-103,10.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目"适宜贵州山地茶园机械化采摘茶树新品种选育与应用示范"(黔科合支撑[2021]一般 189) （黔科合支撑[2021]一般 189）
科技部国家重点研发计划"绿色宜居村镇技术创新"重点专项"贵州喀斯特山区优势特色产业提质增效技术集成与示范"(2021 YFD1100305) （2021 YFD1100305）
贵州省科技计划项目"贵州天然无咖啡碱茶树资源无咖啡碱性状形成的分子机制研究"(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般544) （黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般544）
