南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(3)：742-750,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.03.006
云南澳洲坚果种质资源表型多样性分析
Phenotypic diversity analysis of macadamia germplasm resources in Yunnan
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the diversity of phenotypic traits of macadamia germplasm resources cultivated in Yunnan,and to screen out the germplasms with better comprehensive performance,which could provide theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of excellent macadamia varieties and the promotion of planting.[Method]Fruit and leaf samples of 71 macadamia germplasms were collected,and 21 phenotypic traits were determined and variation analysis was conducted.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were performed for each phenotypic trait,and clus-tering analysis was performed for macadamia germplasms.[Result]The green-peel fruit weight of 71 macadamia germ-plasms was 7.84-29.37 g,green-peel fruit shape index was 0.92-1.42,and kernel rate ranged was 14.04%-42.08%.The coefficients of variation of 21 phenotypic traits was 9.01%-46.26%,among which the coefficients of variation of 19 phe-notypic traits,such as green-peel fruit weight,green-peel fruit longitudinal diameter,green-peel fruit fresh weight and green peel fruit,were greater than 10.00%,the coefficients of variation of green-peel fruit transverse diameter was the smallest(9.01%),and that of number of spines on one side of leaf margin was the largest(46.26%).The kernel weight of Nanya 1 was significantly higher than that of other germplasms,and the kernel weights of A4,Guire 1,and Own Choice were also high;the kernel rate of A4 was greatly higher than that of other germplasms;and kernel-fruit ratios of Guire1,Guangxi 1,HAES 344 and Own Choice were high while peel-fruit ratios were low.The results of correlation analysis showed that the relationship between various phenotypic traits of macadamia was complex,and several pheno-typic traits jointly affected fruit size and morphology.Green-peel fruit weight,green-peel fruit transverse diameter,green-peel fruit longitudinal diameter were extremely significantly and positively correlated with shelled-fruit transverse dia-meter,shelled-fruit longitudinal diameter,shelled-fruit dry weight,kernel weight(P<0.01).The results of principal com-ponent analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 6 principal components was 85.135%,and the phenotypic traits such as peel-fruit ratio,green peel weight,green peel thickness and green-peel fruit shape index had a more obvious influence on the principal components.The results of clustering analysis showed that the 71 macadamia germplasms could be divided into 4 groups.[Conclusion]The phenotypic traits of 71 macadamia germplasm resources are rich in variation and diversity,and the comprehensive performance of Guangxi 1,A4,Guire 1,Own Choice and HAES 344 is fine,which can be used as the macadamia germplasm resources for fine variety breeding and planting promotion in Yunnan.关键词
澳洲坚果/表型性状/种质资源/多样性分析/云南Key words
Macadamia spp./phenotypic traits/germplasm resources/diversity analysis/Yunnan分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
周涛,王大玮,聂艳丽,王正成..云南澳洲坚果种质资源表型多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(3):742-750,9.基金项目
中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(云[2024]TG09号) （云[2024]TG09号）
云南省科技计划项目(202202AE090006) Central Finance Forestry and Grassland Science and Technology Promotion and Demonstration Project(Yun[2024]TG09) （202202AE090006）
Yunnan Science and Technology Plan Project(202202AE090006) （202202AE090006）
