人民长江2025，Vol.56Issue(4)：121-127,161,8.DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2025.04.016
考虑下垫面空间分异的陆水流域产汇流特性分析
Analysis on hydrological characteristics in Lushui watershed considering spatial heterogeneity of geographic features
摘要
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of watershed runoff generation and flow confluence characteristics holds significant im-portance for enhancing high-precision flood forecasting and optimizing hydrological mathematical-physical models.Taking the Lushui watershed in eastern Hubei Province as a case study,we systematically extracted geographical elements including soil prop-erties,vegetation coverage,topographic slopes,and rainfall spatial distribution characteristics.Twenty-one typical flood events from 2020 to 2024 were selected to quantitatively analyse impacts of rainfall and underlying surface characteristics'spatial hetero-geneity on runoff generation and flow confluence processes.The results demonstrated that:① A strong correlation(linear correla-tion coefficient ≈0.9)was observed between rainfall amount and runoff yield in the Lushui watershed,with an average runoff gen-eration coefficient of approximately 0.47.Through analysis of typical flood events,the runoff generation coefficient was found to exhibit a distinct negative correlation with soil thickness.② In the upper watershed area above Maojiaqiao,where thinner soil lay-ers and pronounced topographic relief were identified,the average runoff coefficient reached approximately 0.6,categorizing this sub-region as a high-runoff-yield zone within the basin.③ The basin confluence time of the Lushui watershed was determined to be approximately 12 hours.The flood peak at Chongyang Station was observed to precede that at the Lushui Reservoir by 1～2 hours,while both the Maojiaqiao and Bainiqiao sub-watersheds exhibited confluence times of approximately 9 hours.④ Due to the Lushui watershed's limited areal extent,low rainfall spatial heterogeneity,and fan-shaped river network configuration,the spatial distribution of rainfall was shown to exert minimal influence on runoff generation characteristics.This hydrological pattern resulted in nearly simultaneous flood peak arrivals(within 3 hours)at the Lushui Reservoir from the Chongyang,Maojiaqiao,and Bainiqiao stations,which contributes significantly to the intensified flood control pressure on the Lushui Reservoir.The research results play an important reference role in understanding the hydrological characteristics of the basin and supporting flood forecas-ting and dispatching.关键词
洪水过程/产汇流特性/流域下垫面/陆水流域Key words
flood process/runoff generation and flow confluence characteristics/underlying surface of basin/Lushui watershed分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
童冰星,李玉荣,任玉峰,曹志强,张潇,陈天鹏..考虑下垫面空间分异的陆水流域产汇流特性分析[J].人民长江,2025,56(4):121-127,161,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2340213) （U2340213）
湖北省自然科学基金三峡创新发展联合基金项目(2024AFD366) （2024AFD366）
中国长江电力股份有限公司科研项目(Z242302034) （Z242302034）
长江水利委员会水文局科技创新基金项目(SWJ-24CJX11) （SWJ-24CJX11）
