生物技术通报2025，Vol.41Issue(4)：21-32,12.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0890
棉花野生种质资源的育种应用研究与前景
Breeding Applications and Prospects of Wild Cotton Germplasm Resources
摘要
Abstract
Domestication and long-term breeding have led to the genetic bottleneck effect that significantly reduces the genetic diversity of cultivated cotton,limiting its potential for the development of new varieties and its ability to adapt to future challenges.Wild germplasm resources,however,serving as an important gene pool,may provide abundant genetic diversity for cultivated cotton improvement.This review systematically summarizes the latest advances and challenges in the study of cotton wild germplasm resources,including genetic diversity research,the identification of superior stress-resistant resources,the exploration of homoeologous tetraploid repeat genes controlling complex agronomic traits,and the creation of hybrid breeding materials.It also identifies four critical scientific issues that need to be addressed to promote the efficient utilization and breeding innovation of wild cotton resources.Future research will further leverage the superior genes of wild germplasm,combining genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,and other multi-omics technologies to identify key functional genes and their regulatory mechanisms,decipher the mechanisms of photoperiod sensitivity,and,in conjunction with gene editing technologies,accelerate the transfer of superior genes into cultivated species,thereby driving innovation and development in cotton breeding.关键词
棉花/野生近缘种/耐盐碱/种质资源挖掘/重复基因调控/光周期敏感性/多倍体Key words
cotton/wild relatives/tolerance to salt-alkaline/germplasm exploration/duplicated gene regulation/photoperiod sensitivity/polyploid引用本文复制引用
牛若宇,高瞻,熊显鹏,祝德,罗皓天,马学远,胡冠菁..棉花野生种质资源的育种应用研究与前景[J].生物技术通报,2025,41(4):21-32,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072111),中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-CSIAF-202402) （32072111）
