天然气工业2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：33-47,15.DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2025.04.003
中国深层/超深层油气勘探储层地质力学研究进展、挑战及展望
Research progress,challenges,and prospects of reservoir geomechanics in deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in China
摘要
Abstract
China is rich in deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources,which are important options for future oil and gas reserve and production increase.Reservoir geomechanics research can provide important technical support for deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploration and development.By systematically summarizing the research progress and achievements in deep/ultra-deep reservoir geomechanics,this paper discusses the existing challenges and future development directions in this field.The following results are obtained.First,the"rock mechanics layer"is the core of reservoir geomechanics evaluation,and it includes five key elements,i.e.,rock mechanics parameter,in-situ stress,formation pressure,fracture system and brittleness,which control the complex geomechanical processes such as deformation,movement and failure of deep rock masses.Second,plate interaction and mantle convection provide the driving force for the formation of tectonic systems,which in turn provide specific tectonic conditions and stress field backgrounds for the evolution of rock mechanics layers.Third,the migration and accumulation of deep/ultra-deep oil and gas is controlled by geomechanical processes,which is characterized by the joint control of fluid migration pathways by"tectonic stress-fluid potential-fracture and fault systems".Significant offset of the overburden load and thermal stress by overpressure,leading to small differences in horizontal stresses.Applicability of the neutral plane principle for predicting fractures in deep deformed rock masses(fractures play a positive role in deep oil and gas accumulation).Increased fluid potential through high heat flow values,deep fluid injection,and abnormal high pressure,promoting oil and gas accumulation.Reservoir geomechanics research in deep/ultra-deep oil and gas exploration faces many challenges.The future development should focus on:the continuous development of new technologies,methods,and theories,the innovative construction of geomechanical models that integrate multi-scale,full-dimensional in-situ stress and fracture information,the development of a four-dimensional reservoir geomechanics cloud platform from the perspective of geology-engineering integration,and the empowerment and widespread application of artificial intelligence technologies driven by new-quality productive forces.关键词
深层/超深层/油气勘探/储层地质力学/岩石力学层/研究进展/面临挑战/技术展望Key words
Deep/ultra-deep reservoirs/Oil and gas exploration/Reservoir geomechanics/Rock mechanics layer/Research progress/Challenge/Technology prospect分类
地质学引用本文复制引用
尹帅,鞠玮,冯少柯,何建华,王茂森,张子阳,王濡岳,刘翰林,许自强,王敏捷,刘寅,刘敬寿,徐珂..中国深层/超深层油气勘探储层地质力学研究进展、挑战及展望[J].天然气工业,2025,45(4):33-47,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目"不同应力系统作用下陆相页岩油储层纳米孔缝变形及扩展微观机理研究"(编号:42302167)、陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目"鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部上古生界构造演化及断—缝联合控藏机理研究"(编号:2023-JC-QN-0355)、西安石油大学研究生创新基金项目"裂缝性致密油储层天然缝发育规律及对水力缝扩展影响机理研究:以泌阳凹陷东南部核桃园组为例"(编号:YCX2411002)、中国石油科技创新基金项目"岩相组合—成储—保压—成藏全新视角下深层页岩油地质—工程双甜点形成机制研究"(编号:2024DQ02-0109)、中国石化科技部项目"复杂构造区地应力研究及对页岩气富集高产影响"(编号:P24181). （编号:42302167）
