地质通报2025，Vol.44Issue(4)：574-586,13.DOI:10.12097/gbc.2024.06.020
东昆仑志留纪—泥盆纪关键金属成矿大爆发
Silurian-Devonian critical metal mineralization boom of the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]With the deepening of geological surveys and research,substantial evidence has indicated that the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt experienced large-scale mineralization during the Silurian-Devonian periods.However,there has been a long-standing lack of in-depth research on the mineralization processes of these periods.This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of large-scale mineralization during the Silurian-Devonian in East Kunlun and its geodynamic background,with the goal of supporting a new round of strategic actions for mineral exploration breakthroughs.[Methods]Based on a systematic collection of the latest mineral exploration results from the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt,this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the types and characteristics of mineralization during the Silurian-Devonian periods in this region.[Results]The East Kunlun region primarily developed three types of deposits during the Silurian-Devonian periods:magmatic segregation-type copper-nickel deposits related to mafic-ultramafic rocks,such as those found in Xiarihamu and Binggounan;porphyry-skarn deposits related to granitoids,which can be further subdivided into porphyry-skarn copper-iron polymetallic deposits and skarn tungsten-tin deposits,such as those in Kaerqueka,Wulanwuzhuer,and Baiganhu;alkaline rock-carbonatite-type niobium deposits related to alkaline rocks and carbonatites,represented by the Dagele deposit.[Conclusions]Comprehensive previous studies indicate that the formation of large-scale metal deposits in East Kunlun during the Silurian-Devonian periods is closely related to the evolution following the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean.After the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean around 435 Ma,the East Kunlun region entered a continent-continent collision environment.Due to slab break-off and post-collisional extension,large-scale upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle was induced.During the ascent of mantle-derived magmas,varying degrees of crust-mantle interaction with continental crust materials occurred,forming magmas rich in ore-forming elements,which eventually emplaced in the upper crust,resulting in different types of deposits.Future research should further investigate the distribution and mineralization potential of Silurian-Devonian mafic-ultramafic rocks,carbonatites,and granitoids in East Kunlun,providing theoretical guidance for a comprehensive understanding of the metallogenic patterns in the region and achieving breakthroughs in mineral exploration.关键词
东昆仑/原特提斯/斑岩-矽卡岩矿床/岩浆矿床/关键金属Key words
East Kunlun/Proto-Tethys/porphyry-skarn deposit/magmatic deposit/critical metal分类
地质学引用本文复制引用
钟世华,何书跃,黄宇,刘永乐,张勇,白国龙,刘智刚,马强,王丽君,赵芙蓉..东昆仑志留纪—泥盆纪关键金属成矿大爆发[J].地质通报,2025,44(4):574-586,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目《青海野马泉矿床成矿岩浆H2O和Cl含量精细研究:对矽卡岩矿床成因的约束》(批准号:42203066)、《基于多维数据的斑岩Cu矿床成矿岩浆机器学习识别方法和矿床成因研究》(批准号:42472104)和青海省科技厅项目《青海省祁漫塔格地区铜镍钴找矿突破研究》(编号:2024028ky002) （批准号:42203066）
