新疆农业科学2025，Vol.62Issue(2)：294-301,8.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.005
滴灌量对新疆棉花生长发育、产量形成和水分利用效率的影响
Effects of drip irrigation on the growth and development,yield formation,and water use efficiency of cotton in Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore how different irrigation quantities influences on cotton growth and de-velopment,yield formation,and water use efficiency.[Methods]A field experiment was carried out in Bole City,Xinjiang by using normal irrigation as control(3,360 m3/hm2),and setting up mild water deficit(80％of normal irrigation,2,688 m3/hm2),moderate water deficit(60％of normal irrigation,2,016 m3/hm2),severe water deficit(40％ of normal irrigation,1,344 m3/hm2)treatments,to determine plant height,num-ber of nodes in the main stem,number of fruiting branches,bolling and abscission characteristics of cotton at different fertility stages,and mensurate yield components of cotton at harvest.[Results](1)Compared with the normal irrigation treatment,deficit irrigation advanced the cotton bud stage,flowering stage,full boll stage,and fluffing stage by 0 to 4 days,2 to 6 days,2 to 7 days,and 3 to 11 days,respectively.(2)After the bud stage,cotton plant height,main stem internode length,the number of fruiting branches and the num-ber of buds and bolls per plant showed a tendency to decrease with the reduction of irrigation;bolls and fruit set were mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the canopy,and their numbers all decreased with the reduction of irrigation.(3)Cotton whole-plant biomass showed a decreasing trend with decreasing irriga-tion amounts.(4)Seed cotton yield showed a decreasing trend with the reduction of irrigation amount,and the seed cotton yield of normal irrigation treatment reached 8,120 kg/hm2,which was 7.0％-32.4％higher than that of deficit irrigation treatment,mainly due to the reduction of single boll number;with the reduction of irrigation amount,the irrigation water utilization efficiency gradually increased,and it was the highest in the treatment of severe deficit irrigation,which reached 4.19 kg/m3.[Conclusion]Moderate deficit irrigation can help advance the flowering and bell setting time of cotton,shorten the growth period of cotton.关键词
棉花/生长发育/灌溉处理/产量形成/水分利用效率/干物质积累Key words
cotton/growth and development/irrigation treatment/yield formation/water use efficiency/dry matter accumulation分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
王奕丁,张凯,张凌健,张慧,郭小梦,陈国悦..滴灌量对新疆棉花生长发育、产量形成和水分利用效率的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2025,62(2):294-301,8.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目"作物定向提质化肥减施增效关键技术研发与应用"(2022B02020-2) （2022B02020-2）
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项"田间典型作物高效用水及作物生境智能管控模式"(2022A02003-2) Key R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"R & D of Key Technologies for Reducing Fertilizer Application and Increasing Efficiency in Crops with Targeted Quality Improvement(2022B02020-2) （2022A02003-2）
Major Scientific R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Efficient Water Use of Typical Crops in the Field and Intelligent Control Model of Crop Habi-tat"(2022A02003-2) （2022A02003-2）
