中国铁道科学2025，Vol.46Issue(2)：1-17,17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4632.2025.02.01
多年冻土区路基热融病害防控技术综述
Literature Review of Prevention and Control Technologies of Thermal Thawing Damage in Subgrades of Permafrost Regions
摘要
Abstract
Settlement caused by permafrost degradation and thawing is the primary damage for traffic subgrades in permafrost regions.This article reviews the working mechanism,application effects,existing issues,improvement strategies,and novel approaches of permafrost protection measures from the perspectives of thermal convection,thermal radiation,thermal conduction,thermal conduction,and waterproofing-drainage systems.From the standpoint of rapid temperature reduction and reinforcement treatment of severe thawing damage,the research status of active refrigeration measures is analyzed;key development directions for permafrost protection technology are discussed from the aspects of design,construction and operation.In recent years,China has further developed various improved methods for existing measures and put forward new measures,forming a systematic permafrost protection technology system.For the improvement of existing measures,thermal convection-based optimizations include gravel/block particle size,forced dispersion ventilation pipe,longitudinally assembled ventilation pipe,and L-shaped thermosyphon.Maintenance methods such as block stone structure cleaning,and thermosyphon inspection/repair are being improved.Thermal radiation-based enhancements involve high-reflectivity pavement and sunshade structures balancing top-surface reflectivity with bottom-surface emissivity.Thermal conduction-related advancements encompass subgrade critical height,separated subgrade,unidirectional heat-conducting pavement,and high-thermal resistance fillers.Regarding the research of new measures,novel technologies such as porous convective geotextiles,phase change thermal storage geotextiles,reflective coatings,hydrophobic and ice resistant coatings,as well as new schemes such as foam concrete insulation layer and low exothermic polymer grouting have been introduced.In terms of reinforcement and emergency,rapid cooling and active refrigeration are being developed,and new equipment such as semiconductor-refrigerated all-season thermosyphons,adsorption refrigeration devices and compression refrigeration devices are being developed.To address existing line upgrades and new high-standard railway construction,this research proposes to expand the diversity and precision of temperature-moisture control measures;on the other hand,based on the mapping relationship between permafrost thawing settlement and irregularity of different types of pavement and track structures,the settlement limit of permafrost foundation should be defined,and the classification of protection measures matching and design methods should be constructed.At the same time,regarding the damage patterns of traffic line facilities caused by permafrost thawing,an enhanced permafrost protection system should be progressively established.关键词
路基/多年冻土退化/热融病害/防控技术/综述Key words
Subgrade/Permafrost degradation/Thermal thawing damage/Prevention and control technology/Review分类
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胡田飞,崔灿增,岳祖润,刘备,齐磊,蔡德超..多年冻土区路基热融病害防控技术综述[J].中国铁道科学,2025,46(2):1-17,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42001059,52172347,52178340) （42001059,52172347,52178340）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(226Z5402G) （226Z5402G）
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2023210064,24465001D) （E2023210064,24465001D）
