中国水土保持科学2025，Vol.23Issue(2)：9-17,9.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2024025
光伏电站建设对西北荒漠区生态环境的影响研究进展
Research progress in the impact of photovoltaic power station construction on the ecological environment of the desert region of Northwest China
摘要
Abstract
[Background]With the proposal of"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"goals,many photovoltaic power stations have been established in the northwest desert areas of China.How the establishment of photovoltaic power stations affects the ecological environment of the northwest desert areas has attracted the attention of many scholars.[Methods]This study reviewed how the construction and operation periods of photovoltaic(PV)power plants in the Northwest Desert Region affected their ecological environments from the perspectives of precipitation,soil,climate,and biodiversity:Chinese and English literatures were searched from Web of Science and CNKI databases with the themes of"PV","PV+climate","PV+soil",and"PV+biodiversity",respectively.Literature was screened according to factors such as year of publication,number of citations,and journal of publication.[Results]PV power plants indirectly affect evapotranspiration and rainfall by changing the surface albedo;mechanical crushing and filling and excavation during the construction period of PV power plants cause soil compaction and soil fertility decline,which exacerbate wind and sand activities and soil erosion within the PV power plant;the deployment of PV arrays increases the roughness of the ground surface,reduces the near-surface wind speed,and thus lowers the surface sand transport within the PV power plant;PV panels change the composition and structure of the soil bacterial and fungal communities of the grasslands;there is a"heat island effect"of PV plants in the sandy areas.PV arrays change the composition and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities in grasslands,and significantly increase the α-diversity of soil bacteria and fungi;PV power plants in sandy areas have a"heat island effect",which increases the temperature and reduces the humidity on sunny days in the summer;and the plant species,abundance,homogeneity and dominance as well as the biomass in the PV power plants are higher than those outside the PV power plants.[Conclusions]Different site types and climatic environments can lead to varying degrees of impact on the soil,vegetation,microclimate,and biodiversity of the environment in which PV power plants are located.It is of great significance to conduct in-depth research on the mutual feedback mechanism between PV power stations and their environment in the ecologically fragile areas of Northwest China,in order to reduce the adverse effects of the establishment of PV power stations on their location and maintain the stability of the local ecosystem.关键词
生态环境/光伏电站/水土流失/植被恢复/西北荒漠区Key words
ecological environment/photovoltaic power station/soil erosion/vegetation restoration/desert area of Northwest China分类
动力与电气工程引用本文复制引用
刘雅婧,王丹阳,常旭,安景源,牧仁,李新乐,徐涛,杨波..光伏电站建设对西北荒漠区生态环境的影响研究进展[J].中国水土保持科学,2025,23(2):9-17,9.基金项目
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项"沙区光伏电站对局地气候及风沙活动影响机制研究"(CAFYBB2023MA028) （CAFYBB2023MA028）
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项"黄河几字弯光伏治沙关键技术集成与研发"(CAFYBB2023ZA008-05)和国家草业技术创新中心(筹)重大创新平台建设专项"光伏下沙化土壤改良与植被建植技术研发"(CCPTZX2023B08)联合资助 （CAFYBB2023ZA008-05）
