植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(4)：810-818,9.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024218
镁营养缓解植物铝毒机制的研究进展
Research progress on the mechanism of magnesium nutrition alleviating aluminum toxicity in plants
摘要
Abstract
Over 40%of the world's arable land are acidic soils,where aluminum(Al)toxicity stands as one of the primary obstacles limiting plant growth and productivity.Magnesium(Mg)is an essential nutrient for plants,being the most abundant free divalent metal ion within plant cells and participating in the regulation of plant resistance to abiotic stresses through various pathways.Given the similar hydration radii of Mg2+and Al3+,Mg2+compete with Al3+for binding sites on plant ion transporters and other vital biomolecules,thus alleviating the possible Al3+toxicity.We searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science core databases,a total of 79 articles published during 1989 to 2024 were retrieved on plant Mg-Al interaction research.In summary,exogenous Mg can effectively mitigate aluminum toxicity in plants grown in acidic soils,with the following mechanisms:1)Mg2+competes effectively with Al3+for binding sites on the plant plasma membrane;2)it effectively increases the secretion of plant organic acids;3)it upregulates the expression of aluminum-induced Mg transporter genes,enhancing Mg uptake and aluminum tolerance;4)it significantly enhances the plasma membrane H+-ATPase to promote the secretion of organic acids;5)it boosts antioxidant enzyme activity,reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and decreasing the risk of aluminum-induced oxidative stress;6)it improves the activity of enzymes related to photosynthesis and carbon-nitrogen metabolism,alleviating photosynthetic impairments and source-sink imbalances caused by aluminum stress.In addition,Mg plays a pivotal role in fundamental cellular metabolic processes in plants,such as maintaining proton pump activity in the plasma membrane and vacuolar plastids,influencing nitric oxide synthase activity and related gene expression,and significantly enhancing plant yield and quality in high-aluminum-toxicity farmland soils.Interestingly,in monocotyledonous plants like rice and wheat,millimolar concentrations of Mg2+primarily alleviate soil aluminum toxicity by reducing the saturation activity of Al3+at binding sites in the cell wall and plasma membrane.In dicotyledonous legumes such as soybean(Glycine max),cowpea(Vigna umbellata),and broad bean(Vicia faba),micromolar concentrations of Mg2+can enhance the biosynthesis of organic ligands,mitigating soil aluminum toxicity.Future research should focus on three directions:firstly,integrating multi-omics technologies such as genomics,transcriptomics,and proteomics to deeply analyze gene expression profiles and proteomic changes under Mg and Al stress responses,comprehensively revealing the molecular regulatory network of Mg-Al stress interactions,and providing a theoretical basis for breeding aluminum-tolerant crops;secondly,exploring the impact of exogenous Mg nutrition(e.g.,Mg-containing fertilizers)on the assembly processes and mechanisms of beneficial microbial communities in acidic aluminum-toxic soils;and thirdly,developing Mg-based soil conditioners and aluminum-tolerant crop breeding strategies to enhance crop tolerance to aluminum toxicity.关键词
铝/镁铝交互/镁转运蛋白/H+-ATP酶/抗氧化酶/碳氮代谢Key words
aluminum/interaction between magnesium and aluminum/magnesium transporter/H+-ATPase/antioxidase/carbon and nitrogen metabolism引用本文复制引用
刘欢,马明珠,黄翯,Shaikh Amjad-salam,白蕊,杨云洪,刘轶飞,韩晓日..镁营养缓解植物铝毒机制的研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(4):810-818,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772391) （31772391）
辽宁省国际科技合作计划项目(2024JH2/10190004) （2024JH2/10190004）
中国烟草总公司辽宁省公司科技项目(2023210600240088). （2023210600240088）
