植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(4)：759-773,15.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2024457
不同施肥措施对橡胶树胶乳产量和品质的影响
Effect of different fertilization practices on the yield and quality of rubber tree latex
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]In China,natural rubber production is plagued by irrational fertilization practices and low latex quality.The effects of various fertilization methods and fertilizer combinations on soil nutrients,rubber yield and quality were studied to provide technical support for the green and efficient production of natural rubber.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in 2023 at the Experimental Farm of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in Danzhou City,Hainan Province.Twelve treatments were designed,on the base of conventional NPK fertilization(T).The 12 treatments were composed of single and combined application of zinc-molybdenum fertilizer tapping on the rubber tapping panel(Z),silicon-boron fertilizer applied in caves(S),water-soluble organic fertilizer sprayed on the soil belt between tree rows(C),and Fe-Mn oxidizing bacteria inoculant sprayed on inter row soil(B).At the end of the experiment,soil samples were collected to determine the basic physicochemical properties of the soil in inter-row soil belt and fertilization caves.The latex yield and quality of raw rubber were investigated.The entropy weight-TOPSIS method was used to comprehensively evaluate and optimize the effects of various fertilization measures.[Results]Compared with T,all the 8 treatments containing C significantly increased soil pH and available K content,all the 4 treatments containing C+B increased soil organic matter content by 10.38%to 34.4%.Except for the CBS treatment,other 7 C-containing treatments significantly increased dry rubber yield by 25.5%to 49.3%.Except for the single C treatment,the other 7 C-containing treatments significantly reduced free Ca content in latex by 20.0%to 33.0%.Additionally,the treatment CZS significantly increased thiol and inorganic P content in latex by 10.2%and 22.5%,respectively,increased the weight-average molecular weight of natural rubber(reaching 180.28×104 g/mol)and reduced the width coefficient of molecular weight distribution.The entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis revealed that the CZS treatment had the best overall effect on improving latex yield and raw rubber quality,followed by treatment CS,C,and CBZS in turn.[Conclusions]Cave application of silicon-boron fertilizer increased soil pH,while water-soluble organic fertilizer increased soil pH,available K,and organic matter content.On the basis of base fertilization with NPK compound fertilizer,the combined application of water-soluble organic fertilizer,zinc-molybdenum fertilizer,and silicon-boron fertilizer(CZS treatment)further significantly increased dry rubber yield,reduced free calcium content in latex and the width coefficient of rubber molecular weight distribution,significantly increased thiol and inorganic phosphorus content,improved the number-average molecular weight and weight-average molecular weight of rubber,and resulted in excellent initial plasticity value,plasticity retention rate,and Mooney viscosity of natural rubber.关键词
天然橡胶/施肥策略/胶乳品质/橡胶分子量/综合评价Key words
natural rubber/fertilization strategy/latex quality/rubber molecular weight/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
屈继祯,林清火,金东奇,杨红竹,林文惠,黄艳艳,宁海森,赵庆杰,李建宏..不同施肥措施对橡胶树胶乳产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(4):759-773,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2301201) （2022YFD2301201）
海南省教育厅重点项目(Hnky2021ZD-8) （Hnky2021ZD-8）
海南省自然科学基金面上项目(321MS006) （321MS006）
中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队项目(CATASCXTD202303) （CATASCXTD202303）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022024001). （1630022024001）
