电机与控制应用2025，Vol.52Issue(4)：356-366,11.DOI:10.12177/emca.2025.011
内置式永磁同步电机全速域无位置传感器控制
Full-Speed-Range Position Sensorless Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To overcome the technical limitations of traditional position sensorless control for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM)across the full-speed range,this study aims to develop a position sensorless control strategy capable of achieving stable control across the full-speed range.Specifically,it seeks to address technical challenges such as insufficient observation accuracy of speed and angle at low speeds,significant system chattering at medium and high speeds,and poor stability during speed transitions,thereby achieving smooth position sensorless control switching from low to high speeds.[Methods]This study proposed a full-speed-range position sensorless control strategy based on a multimodal observer.At low speeds,an improved high-frequency square-wave injection method was adopted.By considering cross-coupling effects,a precise mathematical model of the motor was established to effectively extract rotor position information.At medium and high speeds,a novel sliding mode observer was designed,which significantly reduced system chattering by optimizing the switching function and introducing a boundary layer method.To ensure a smooth switching from low to high speeds,a fuzzy logic-based weighted switching algorithm was innovatively proposed,which ensured continuity and stability during switching by dynamically adjusting weight coefficients in real time.[Results]In the low-speed range(0～5％rated speed),the improved high-frequency square-wave injection method limited the position observation error within±0.05 rad,demonstrating that incorporating cross-coupling effects improved the accuracy of rotor speed and angle estimation.In the medium-and high-speed range(5％～100％rated speed),the novel sliding mode observer effectively achieved position sensorless control and reduced system chattering amplitude by about 60％.After applying the weighted switching algorithm,torque fluctuations during speed switching decreased by 45％,and speed overshoot was maintained within 2％.Compared to traditional methods,the proposed strategy improved control accuracy by over 30％and enhanced dynamic response speed by 25％across the full-speed range.[Conclusion]The proposed full-speed-range position sensorless control strategy effectively addresses the control challenges of IPMSM across the full-speed range.The improved high-frequency square-wave injection method significantly enhances observation accuracy at low speeds,while the novel sliding mode observer efficiently suppresses system chattering at medium and high speeds,and the fuzzy logic-based weighted switching algorithm achieves smooth transitions between speed ranges.Simulation and experimental results fully validate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed strategy,offering a new solution for practical sensorless applications in IPMSM.关键词
无位置传感器/交叉耦合/高频方波注入/滑模观测器/内置式永磁同步电机Key words
position sensorless control/cross-coupling/high-frequency square-wave injection/sliding mode observer/interior permanent magnet synchronous motor分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
刘力卿,么军,贺春,魏菊芳,马炜龙,田里思,季洪鑫..内置式永磁同步电机全速域无位置传感器控制[J].电机与控制应用,2025,52(4):356-366,11.基金项目
国网天津市电力科技项目(电科-研发23-40)State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Science and Technology Project(DEC-R&D 23-40) （电科-研发23-40）
