菌酶协同发酵豆秸对湖羊生长性能、血清指标和瘤胃微生物的影响OA北大核心

We investigated the effects of soybean(Glycine max)straw co-fermented with a bacterium-enzyme mixture on the growth performance,serum indexes,and rumen microorganisms of Hu sheep.Forty-eight healthy male Hu lambs[(27.00±2.00)kg]aged 4 months were randomly assigned into four groups,with three replicates in each group and four lambs per replicate(stall).Lambs in the control group were fed with a basal diet(Group C),and those in the trial groups were fed with the basal diet with 33%(Group 1),66%(Group 2),and 100%(Group 3)of the original soybean straw substituted with fermented soybean straw.The experimental period included 7 days of pre-experiment and 60 days of formal experiment.The main results were as follows:Compared with Group C,Group 2 showed a significantly decreased average daily matter intake and feed-to-gain ratio during days 1-30 and 1-60(P<0.05).The serum contents of albumin,glutamic pyruvic transaminase,high density lipoprotein,and total cholesterol were significantly higher in Group 3 than in the control(P<0.05).The globulin contents were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3(P<0.05),and the total protein content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity were significantly higher in all trial groups(P<0.05)than in the control.The activity of superoxide dismutase in serum was increased significantly in Group 3(P<0.05),and catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum were increased significantly in all trial groups(P<0.05)compared with the control.The serum immunoglobulin(Ig)A content was increased significantly in all trial groups(P<0.05),and the serum IgG and IgM contents were increased significantly in Groups 2 and 3(P<0.05),compared with the control.Compared with the control,Group 2 significantly increased apparent digestibility of crude protein,acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber(P<0.05);significantly increased rumen isobutyric acid and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)contents(P<0.05);and significantly decreased valeric acid content(P<0.05).In terms of the bacterial community in the rumen,at the phylum level,the abundance of rumen Bacteroidota was increased(P<0.05),while that of Firmicutes was decreased(P<0.05)in Group 2 compared with the control.At the genus level,the abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 was significantly higher in Group 2 than in the control(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of bacterium-enzyme co-fermented soybean straw to the diet can improve the antioxidant and immune capacity,nutrient apparent digestibility,the rumen environment,and the rumen microbial community structure of Hu sheep.These results provide a scientific basis for the application of fermented soybean straw in the production of Hu sheep.