储能科学与技术2025，Vol.14Issue(5)：1797-1805,9.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1061
磷酸铁锂电池存储失效机理及热安全性研究
Study on the electrochemical performance failure mechanisms and thermal safety of lithium iron phosphate battery during storage conditions
摘要
Abstract
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have gained widespread application in energy storage owing to their long cycle life,high safety,and low cost,making them one of the mainstream electrochemical energy storage devices.However,research on the performance degradation and safety of LFP batteries during stationary storage remains limited and is not sufficiently comprehensive.This study focuses on commercial cylindrical LFP batteries,investigating the evolution of electrochemical performance and failure mechanisms under varying temperature gradients(from room temperature to 72℃and different states of charge(SOCs ranging from 0 to 100%).A series of composite storage simulation experiments were conducted,employing various nondestructive analysis techniques and adiabatic acceleration calorimeters(ARCs).The experimental results have shown that the state of health(SOH)and thermal runaway characteristics of LFP batteries during storage are significantly affected by temperature and SOC.The capacity attenuation rate of LFP battery with 100%SOC at 72℃is 22.1 times that at room temperature and 5.6 times that with 0 SOC.Higher temperatures and higher SOC levels accelerate capacity fading,mainly owing to the loss of active lithium ions and active materials within the battery.Conversely,the thermal safety of LFP batteries during storage has been improved,which may be attributed to the reduced energy within the battery system caused by the depletion of active materials.Finally,a semi-empirical prediction model of LFP battery capacity decay is constructed based on the characteristic peak strength using the incremental capacity(IC)method.This study provides valuable technical guidance for the operation,maintenance,and safety measures required for LFP batteries in future large-scale energy storage applications.关键词
磷酸铁锂电池/存储失效/荷电状态(SOC)/活性锂损失/热安全性Key words
LFP battery/storage failure/state of charge(SOC)/LLI/thermal safety分类
动力与电气工程引用本文复制引用
汪红辉,李嘉鑫,储德韧,李彦仪,许铤..磷酸铁锂电池存储失效机理及热安全性研究[J].储能科学与技术,2025,14(5):1797-1805,9.基金项目
上海市技术标准项目"动力锂电池运输安全技术规范"(23DZ2200800). （23DZ2200800）
