干旱地区农业研究2025，Vol.43Issue(3)：200-209,10.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.03.21
不同禾豆间作模式对作物产量及水氮利用的影响
Effects of different cereal-legume intercropping systems on crop yield,water usage,and nitrogen utilization
摘要
Abstract
The experiment was conducted from April to October 2023.Five treatments were established:maize and soybean intercropping(MS),broomcorn and soybean intercropping(BS),sole cropping maize(M),sole cropping broomcorn(B),and sole cropping soybean(S).The yield,plant nitrogen accumulation and soil water content of corn,broomcorn and soybean were measured.The changes of crop yield,land productivity,water use ef-ficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were analyzed,and the inter-specific competition and promotion effects of dif-ferent intercropping modes of grass beans were explored.The results showed that:(1)The grain yield of intercrop-ping maize(MS)was significantly decreased by 21.53%compared with that of mono-cropping maize(M),and the grain yield of intercropping broomcorn(BS)was decreased by 7.17%compared with that of mono-cropping broom-corn(B).Compared with mono-cropped soybean(S),the grain yield of soybean treated with MS and BS was sig-nificantly reduced by 53.65%and 57.39%,respectively,and BS treatment was more advantageous in yield.(2)The land equivalent ratio(LER)and water equivalent ratio(WER)of BS treatment were 9.42%and 7.75%higher than that of MS,respectively.BS had more advantages in land and water use.The nutrient benefit of the in-tercropping system primarily lies in the increased nitrogen accumulation.In the maize and soybean intercropping system,nitrogen accumulation was 15.41%higher than that of mono-cropped maize and 14.32%higher than that of mono-cropped broomcorn.Regarding nitrogen absorption efficiency,grain nitrogen use efficiency,nitrogen harvest index,and nitrogen partial productivity,the values for intercropped maize were 2.31%to 21.52%lower compared to mono-cropped maize,while the values for intercropped broomcorn were 3.00%to 7.19%lower compared to mono-cropped broomcorn.The nitrogen utilization of the broomcorn and soybean intercropping system proved to be more advantageous.(3)The interspecific competitiveness of broomcorn relative to soybean in BS treatment(Ap=0.62)was smaller than that of corn relative to soybean in MS treatment(Ap=1.27).The relative crowding coeffi-cient of BS treatment(Kp=1.30)was smaller than that of MS treatment(Kp=1.77).BS handled interspecific com-petition relatively harmoniously.In conclusion,both intercropping systems can enhance land productivity and nitro-gen accumulation to varying extents.The broomcorn-soybean intercropping system offers higher land productivity,better water use efficiency,and relatively harmonious interspecies competition,making it more suitable for promo-tion in northern Shaanxi.关键词
玉米/高粱/大豆/间作/产量/水氮利用/种间竞争Key words
maize/broomcorn/soybean/intercropping/yield/water and nitrogen utilization/species compe-tition分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
付浩川,冯浩,李成,李贺男,张浩磊,温家宣,方妍欣,李想,李锦朝,董勤各..不同禾豆间作模式对作物产量及水氮利用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,43(3):200-209,10.基金项目
陕西省重点研发计划项目(K3030223129) （K3030223129）
