广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.31Issue(1)：9-19,11.
张雍敬《定历玉衡》宇宙观研究
A Study on the Cosmology of Zhang Yongjing's Dingli Yuheng:An Early Qing Neo-Confucian Scholar's Reconciliation of Chinese and Western Astronomy
摘要
Abstract
In order to emphasize the superiority of traditional Chinese calendar over Western methods,the early Qing scholar Zhang Yongjing compiled the Dingli Yuheng(定历玉衡)to reconstruct ancient calendrical system.He collected astronomical knowledge recorded in classical Chinese texts while discreetly incorporating certain Western scientific knowledge,thereby formulating a new cosmological model that was more competitive against Western astronomy.On the one hand,he referenced the Western crystalline sphere system and integrated it with the traditional Chinese"Nine Heavens"view,creating a localized new"Nine-Tiered Heaven"system.On the other hand,inspired by Matteo Ricci´s Qiankun Tiyi(乾坤体义),he relocated the celestial horizon to the lower quarter of the celestial sphere and established a new central point of the heavens approximately one to two degrees off the Quanzhou estuary,designing a revised Huntian(spherical heavens)model.In the debate between Chinese and Western calendrical methods,Zhang Yongjing´s deep reverence for the ancient sages and his devotion to Neo-Confucianism shaped his research orientation,ultimately leading him in a direction entirely opposed to the"synthesizing school"(会通派).As a result,although his cosmology exhibits a clear tendency toward reconciling Chinese and Western methods,it did not advance toward greater scientific precision and practical application in the context of the increasingly accurate astronomical knowledge of the modern era.关键词
张雍敬/《定历玉衡》/宇宙观/地平说Key words
Zhang Yongjing/Dingli Yuheng/Cosmology/Flat Earth Theory分类
天文学引用本文复制引用
郭修齐,褚龙飞..张雍敬《定历玉衡》宇宙观研究[J].广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,31(1):9-19,11.基金项目
国家社会科学基金青年项目(18CZX031). （18CZX031）
