南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(4)：1124-1136,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.04.011
中药渣模拟堆肥产品对镉污染土壤的钝化修复效应
Passivation and remediation effects of Chinese medicinal residue simulated compost products on cadmium-contaminated soil
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the effects of adding microbial agents on the composting effects of Chinese medici-nal residue,and analyze the effects of applying the Chinese medicinal residue microbial fertilizer on the physicochemical properties of cadmium(Cd)contaminated soil and the content of available Cd,which could provide reference for the re-source utilization of Chinese medicinal residue and the improvement of soil environment.[Method]Using traditional Chi-nese medicine residue as the experimental material,3 species of fungi(Trichoderma ressei,Phanerochaete chrysospo-rium,Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burdsall)and 3 species of bacteria(Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus thuringiensis,Bacil-lus cereus)were selected.Through degradation experiments,the microorganisms that could effectively degrade the resi-due of traditional Chinese medicine were screened out.Through Cd removal experiments,the microorganisms that could effectively remove Cd were screened out.Then,using traditional Chinese medicine residue as raw material,the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was adjusted by adding chicken manure,and aerobic composting was carried out using segmented inocula-tion method.Through orthogonal experiments,the effects of moisture rate,carbon-to-nitrogen ratio,initial incubation temperature and quantity of bacteria introduced on composting were investigated to determine the optimal composting pro-cess parameters.The effects of the microbial fertilizer on soil pH,conductivity catalase and urease activities and the con-tent of available Cd were studied through soil culture experiments.[Result]The results showed that the combination of Trichoderma ressei,Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burdsall had fine degradation ef-fect on Chinese medicine residue.The combination of Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus cereus had fine removal effect on Cd,with a Cd removal rate of 69.11%at a Cd concentration of 10 mg/L.The above fungal combi-nation and bacterial combination were selected for 30 d of aerobic composting,combination E(moisture rate of 55%,carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 30,initial incubation temperature of 60℃,quantity of bacteria introduced of 1%)and combi-nation G(moisture rate of 60%,carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 25,initial incubation temperature of 60℃,quantity of bacte-ria introduced of 2%)with a temperature>50℃for more than 7 d,the seed germination index of combination G reached 80.86%,reaching complete maturity.The surface structure analysis of the Chinese medicine residue after composting showed that the combinations E and G had more and larger pores in the Chinese medicine residue.After 50 d of applica-tion of traditional Chinese medicine residue microbial fertilizer,compared with the control,the soil pH and conductivity of combinations E and G increased,catalase activity increased by 64.14%and 71.34%,urease activity increased by 86.22%and 154.17%,and available Cd content decreased by 30.67%and 42.33%respectively.The correlation analysis results indicated that the available Cd content in soil was extremely significantly negatively correlated with soil conducti-vity,catalase,and urease activities(P<0.01 or P<0.001).[Conclusion]It is feasible to use the above fungal combination and bacterial combination for the fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine residue to produce organic fertilizer,and using this microbial fertilizer as a passivator has potential application value for the remediation of soil Cd pollution.关键词
中药渣/微生物组合/微生物肥料/Cd钝化效应/土壤酶活性Key words
Chinese medicine residue/microbial combination/microbial fertilizer/Cd passivation effect/soil en-zyme activities分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
黄文懿,陈晓明,周君,何云晓,黄娅慧,郑慧赢,朱杰..中药渣模拟堆肥产品对镉污染土壤的钝化修复效应[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(4):1124-1136,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(12275227) （12275227）
四川省重大科技专项(2019ZDZX0003) （2019ZDZX0003）
四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0360) National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275227) （2023NSFSC0360）
Sichuan Major Science and Techno-logy Special Project(2019ZDZX0003) （2019ZDZX0003）
Sichuan Natural Science Foundation(2023NSFSC0360) （2023NSFSC0360）
