高原气象2025，Vol.44Issue(3)：616-625,10.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2024.00104
1959-2018年黄土高原地区降水时空变化研究
Study on the Spatio-Temporal Changes of Precipitation in Loess Plateau from 1959 to 2018
摘要
Abstract
Precipitation plays a critical role in the Earth's hydrological and energy cycles,significantly influenc-ing the biogeochemical cycles and energy exchanges on the land surface.In the ecologically fragile region of the Loess Plateau,the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation has profound implications for both the ecologi-cal environment and socioeconomic development.Therefore,study on the spatial and temporal variations of pre-cipitation in the Loess Plateau holds substantial theoretical and practical significance.This study utilizes daily pre-cipitation data from 115 meteorological stations across the Loess Plateau and its surrounding areas,covering the period from 1959 to 2018.By employing methods such as Inverse Distance Weighting(IDW)interpolation and wavelet analysis,the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of pre-cipitation over the past 60 years in the Loess Plateau.The results showed that:(1)The spatial distribution of pre-cipitation in the Loess Plateau exhibits a clear"stepped"pattern,gradually decreasing from southeast to north-west.This distribution highlights a significant gradient where the southeastern regions receive more precipitation than the northwestern regions,with a similar trend of more rainfall in the south compared to the north.Further-more,localized topography plays a crucial role in modulating precipitation,with higher elevations generally re-ceiving more rainfall.(2)Under the influence of changes in the East Asian monsoon and atmospheric circulation patterns,the spatial distribution of precipitation from 1989 to 2018 differs significantly from that of 1959 to 1988.Specifically,the 200mm and 400mm isohyets have shifted northward,with a notable decrease in precipita-tion in the southeastern monsoon-dominated areas,while precipitation has increased in the non-monsoon north-western areas.The monsoon marginal zone of the Loess Plateau is particularly sensitive to monsoon variability.The continuous weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon has diminished the capacity for moisture trans-port,further exacerbated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)warm events,both of which have contribut-ed to reduced precipitation in the southeast.Conversely,changes in atmospheric circulation have led to increased precipitation in the northwest,resulting in a slight expansion of the semi-humid regions in the area.(3)Over the study period,precipitation in the Loess Plateau exhibits a fluctuating upward trend,indicative of a general ten-dency towards increased wetness in the region.This suggests a long-term shift towards more humid conditions,which could have significant implications for the region's ecological restoration and water resource management.(4)The interannual variability of precipitation in the Loess Plateau is characterized by oscillations on multiple time scales,specifically at 5-year,7-year,11-year,and 43～45-year intervals,with the 5-year cycle identified as the dominant periodicity.关键词
黄土高原/降水/时空变化/反距离加权插值/小波分析Key words
Loess Plateau/precipitation/spatio-temporal variation/inverse distance weighted interpolation/wavelet analysis分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
刘玉鹏,钞锦龙,路亚敏,王雅欣,毕玉婷..1959-2018年黄土高原地区降水时空变化研究[J].高原气象,2025,44(3):616-625,10.基金项目
山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2022YY122) （2022YY122）
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2023KY693) （2023KY693）
太原师范学院研究生教育创新项目(SYYJSYC-2415) （SYYJSYC-2415）
