华北农学报2025，Vol.40Issue(2)：67-80,14.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.20195284
不同耕作方式对土壤水分动态变化规律及玉米产量的影响
Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Soil Moisture Dynamic Changes and Maize Yield
摘要
Abstract
To clarify the effects of different tillage methods on soil moisture dynamics changes and maize yield under the condition of straw return to field in the black soil area along the foothills of Daxing' anling,based on six consecutive years of tillage positioning experiments,this study analyzed the effects of seven types of tillage methods,namely,full-crushing and deep-tillage(SCD),full-crushing and shallow-tillage(SSS),full-crushing and deep-till-age(SCS),full-crushing and re-harrowing(SCR),full-crushing and rotary tillage(STR),full-crushing and no-till-age(NTS),and conventional tillage without returning straw to the field(CK)on soil moisture characteristics,water consumption,water use efficiency,and agronomic traits and yield of maize in the 0-60 cm soil layer at different growth stages of maize in each treatment.The results showed a bimodal pattern of soil quality moisture content in 2022 and 2023.0-10 cm soil layer soil quality moisture content was significantly higher than that of CK,and the NTS treatment had the highest soil quality moisture content in several periods.10-20 cm soil layer soil quality moisture content was lower than that of CK in the SSS and NTS treatments at the jointing stage,and soil quality moisture content was higher than that of CK in the 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers in 2022 and 2023 for all the treatments.In 2022 and 2023,maize plant height in all treatments except NTS treatment was significantly higher than CK at different growth stages.The SCD treatment was the tallest and the NTS treatment was the shortest at ma-ture stage.Leaf area index(LAI)varied little among treatments at seedling stage of maize,STR treatment had the highest LAI after the jointing stage,and all treatments had significantly higher LAI than NTS treatment at the big trumpet stage.Dry matter accumulation in all treatments except for the SCS,NTS treatment was significantly higher than in CK,and dry matter accumulation was highest in the SCD treatment and lowest in the NTS treatment at ma-ture stage.All tillage treatments increased maize yield and water use efficiency compared with CK,but the SCD treatment was significantly higher than CK.Comprehensive analysis of the indexes showed that the two tillage meth-ods of full-crushing and deep-tillage and full-crushing and shallow-tillage were favorable to improve soil structure,maize yield and water use efficiency in the black soil area along the foothills of Daxing' anling.关键词
玉米/耕作方式/农艺性状/产量/水分利用效率Key words
Maize/Farming method/Agronomic trait/Yield/Water use efficiency分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
白东星,陈宣伊,张向前,葛国龙,王满秀,张德健,孟天天,罗方,张传玲..不同耕作方式对土壤水分动态变化规律及玉米产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2025,40(2):67-80,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32060450) （32060450）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0126) （2022ZY0126）
内蒙古自治区草原英才个人培养项目(CY2024015) （CY2024015）
