化工进展2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：2667-2682,16.DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1899
生物质热化学转化制备绿氢研究进展
Research progress on thermochemical conversion of biomass to green hydrogen
摘要
Abstract
Green hydrogen is considered one of the most promising energy sources,playing a significant role in promoting energy transition,reducing carbon emissions,and advancing sustainable development.Clean and renewable biomass resources(approximately 3.5×108t/a)provide a sustainable feedstock option for green hydrogen production.This paper first gives the definition of green hydrogen from the hydrogen production technology/carbon emissions and summarizes the pathways for green hydrogen production.It then reviews the progress of research in the thermochemical conversion of biomass for green hydrogen production,focusing on reaction mechanisms,influencing factors,and process intensification strategies for pyrolysis,gasification,and chemical looping technologies.The performance of different green hydrogen production processes is compared in terms of efficiency,cost,etc.The analysis shows that the cost of producing green hydrogen via biomass thermochemical conversion ranges from 1.25-2.20USD/kg,with a hydrogen production efficiency of 35%—65%,and a hydrogen yield of around 190g/kg.Compared with several hydrogen production technologies,pyrolysis reforming technology exhibits the advantages of simplicity and fast hydrogen production rates,while steam gasification is superior in increasing hydrogen yield and purity.Chemical looping conversion demonstrates significant potential for producing high-purity carbon-negative hydrogen.The separation and purification of green hydrogen are crucial steps in obtaining high-purity hydrogen,achieved through water-gas shift,acid gas removal,and hydrogen purification processes.Finally,the paper discusses the challenges in biomass thermochemical conversion for hydrogen production.It proposes future development suggestions for reducing feedstock costs,improving hydrogen production efficiency,and achieving CO2 enrichment and utilization.关键词
生物质/绿氢/热化学转化/热解/气化/化学链Key words
biomass/green hydrogen/thermochemistry conversion/pyrolysis/gasification/chemical looping分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
孙仲顺,刘根,程春昱,李美昕,杨宪坛,吴志强,杨伯伦..生物质热化学转化制备绿氢研究进展[J].化工进展,2025,44(5):2667-2682,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(22038011,52476223) （22038011,52476223）
陕西省创新能力支撑计划——青年科技新星(2023KJXX-004). （2023KJXX-004）
