黑龙江农业科学Issue(5)：1-7,16,8.DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.05.0001
秸秆腐熟剂对玉米秸秆还田腐解特征及微生物群落的影响
Effects of Straw-Decomposing Agent on Decomposition Characteristics and Microbial Community During Maize Straw Incorporation
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of inoculation of straw decomposing agent on the decay of maize stover and its regulation mechanism,the nylon mesh bag method was used to analyze the decomposition rate,residual straw components,enzyme activities and microbial community of maize stover under the three straw returning methods of straw returning(ST),straw returning inoculation of decomposing agent(STJ)and straw returning inoculation of decomposing agent with nitrogen fertilizer(STJN).The results showed that the combined application of straw return with a decomposing agent and nitrogen fertilizer promoted rapid decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in straw,significantly enhancing the decomposition efficiency of maize straw in cold regions.At 120 days after straw return,the decomposition rate reached 85.13％,which was 14.61％ and 7.59％ higher than that of straw return alone and straw return with a decomposing agent alone,respectively.When the straw was returned to the field for 60 days,the enzyme activities of each treatment reached the highest level.Among them,the cellulase activity,α-glucosidase activity and β-glucosidase activity of the treated STJN reached 2 773.51 U·g-1,1 158.13 U·g-1 and 1 629.51 U·g-1,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of other treatments.Different straw return treatments significantly altered the species richness and diversity of soil fungal communities,while showing no significant effect on bacterial community diversity.Specifically,the treatment combining straw return with a decomposing agent and nitrogen fertilizer(STJN)induced notable changes in fungal community composition,demonstrating the highest species richness with maximum values for the ACE index,Chao1 index,and Sobs index.The Shannon index of STJN was significantly higher than that of the straw return-alone treatment(ST),and its Simpson index was significantly lower than ST,indicating enhanced diversity.The proliferation of Botryotrichum and Podospora suggests that nitrogen input may stimulate the release of readily degradable carbon sources,leveraging their rapid metabolic traits to suppress competition from other functional microbes.This study demonstrates that straw return combined with a decomposing agent and nitrogen fertilizer accelerates straw decomposition by activating functional microbial taxa,optimizing fungal-bacterial community structures,and enhancing cellulose-degrading enzyme activity.关键词
腐熟剂/秸秆降解/酶活/微生物群落Key words
decomposing agent/straw degradation/enzyme activity/microbial communities引用本文复制引用
刘沣漫,于洪久,刘杰,张楠,张博,杜海伦,潘雪,于杰..秸秆腐熟剂对玉米秸秆还田腐解特征及微生物群落的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2025,(5):1-7,16,8.基金项目
黑龙江省"揭榜挂帅"科技攻关项目(2022ZXJ08B01). （2022ZXJ08B01）
