含能材料2025，Vol.33Issue(5)：505-522,18.DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025026
基于杂环NH硝化的N-NO2型富氮含能化合物的研究进展
Review on N-NO2 Type Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Compounds Based on Nitration of Heterocyclic NH Groups
摘要
Abstract
As a typical energetic substituent,N-NO2 group exhibits high work capacity and is fundamental to the energy release of typical explosives such as RDX,HMX,and CL-20.Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic compounds have garnered extensive research interest due to their high enthalpy of formation,high density,and environmental compatibility.However,the introduc-tion of N-NO2 is significant challenging due to the varying electrophilic reactivity of the NH sites in nitrogen-rich frameworks and the metastable structures of the energetic molecules.Therefore,summarizing the synthesis reactions and properties of vari-ous nitrogen-rich frameworks containing N-NO2 is of great importance for the development of novel energetic materials with practical applications.This review categorizes nitrogen-rich energetic frameworks and summarizes the synthesis and properties of N-NO2 in imidazole,pyrazole,triazole,and six-membered nitrogen-rich energetic heterocyclic compounds.The future devel-opment potential and research trend of nitrogen-rich energetic compounds with N-NO2 nitration of heterocyclic NH groups are also prospected,so as to provide a valuable reference and guidance for the skeleton design,multi-functional group synergistic ef-fect and synthesis of new N-NO2 based energetic materials.关键词
含能材料/富氮杂环/杂环NH/N-NO2基/硝化反应Key words
energetic materials/nitrogen-rich heterocycles/heterocyclic NH/N-NO2 group/nitration reaction分类
武器工业引用本文复制引用
薛梦馨,胡璐..基于杂环NH硝化的N-NO2型富氮含能化合物的研究进展[J].含能材料,2025,33(5):505-522,18.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(22205020) National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22205020) （22205020）
