南水北调与水利科技（中英文）2025，Vol.23Issue(2)：293-302,332,11.DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2025.0024
暴雨情景下明渠调水系统一维水动力模拟方法
One-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation method of open channel water diversion system under rainstorm scenario
摘要
Abstract
Water diversion projects are considered to be an important component of the national water network system,because they effectively solve the water scarcity problem,and optimize the geographical distribution of water resources.China's open channel water diversion projects mostly focus in the East Asian monsoon climate zone.Precipitation has the characteristics of a concentrated rainy season and a powerful locality with unexpected rainstorm.The short-duration,high-intensity precipitation causes a surge in channel water level,threatening the project's safe operation and dispatching control.Due to the continuous trend of global warming,the uncertainty probability of extreme hydrological events is continuously increasing. Simulation is considered among the efficient methods to obtain regional water conditions.One-dimensional hydrodynamic model is widely used in water flow simulation,because of its advantages,such as fast calculation speed and less data requirement.When the rainfall occurs in open channels,the in-flow rainfall is mainly divided into direct inflow channels and slope confluence channels.The difference in the infiltration and interception capacity of the underlying surface of different channels in the catchment range will cause the deviation of the in-flow channel flow.To accurately simulate the change process of channel water level and discharge under the rainstorm scenario,the area from Meihe control gate to Chaohe control gate of the South-to-North Water Transfers Project was focused as the research object.Based on the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model and combined with the engineering practice,the functional relationship between the rainfall under the rainstorm scenario and the flow into the channel is constructed,and the range of bridleway and slope was added as the confluence area.The correction coefficient was calculated based on the measured rainfall data using correction coefficient β to correct the inflow data.Five rainfall processes were selected as the basic data for model calculation and verification by sorting out the long series measured rainfall data.With reference to the operation mode of the constant water level in-front of the gate of the middle line project,the scheduler can control the project safety by referring to the water level in front of the gate,so the simulation accuracy of the water level in front of the gate directly affects the generation of decision.However,taking the optimization of the water level in front of the gate as the goal of calculating the correction coefficient may lead to the continuous increase of the error of the flow through the gate,so it is necessary to consider the error changes of the water level and flow comprehensively to obtain a reasonable correction coefficient.The optimal correction coefficient value of the study area during heavy rainfall was 0.6～0.7.At the same time,the method was verified by the measured rainstorm process with different rainfall intensity,which proves that it can effectively improve the accuracy of hydrodynamic simulation during rainfall period. Hydrodynamic simulation technology is an important basis for the fine simulation of the down-regulation water system under rainstorm conditions.By constructing the functional relationship between rainfall and inflow,and introducing the unevenness coefficient of the underlying surface to correct the inflow,the rainfall process was effectively coupled with the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model.This method could compensate for the deviation of inflow caused by the difference in confluence area and the change in underlying surface conditions,improve the accuracy of hydrodynamic simulation,and reflect the driving relationship between the rainstorm process and the water level change process.The research method further improved the refinement level of simulation and provided support for the accurate simulation preview of the open channel water diversion system under the rainstorm situation.关键词
暴雨情景/暴雨过程/明渠调水系统/校正系数/水动力模拟Key words
rainstorm scenario/rain process/open channel water diversion system/correction coefficient/hydrodynamics simulation分类
水利科学引用本文复制引用
龙岩,刘玉欣,张召,屠绎炜,谢新文,刘巧银..暴雨情景下明渠调水系统一维水动力模拟方法[J].南水北调与水利科技（中英文）,2025,23(2):293-302,332,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(52209046) （52209046）
河北省自然科学基金项目(E2024402142) （E2024402142）
水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022117) （SKS-2022117）
