工程科学与技术2025，Vol.57Issue(3)：61-71,11.DOI:10.12454/j.jsuese.202300796
低碳建筑氢能利用研究进展
Research Progress on Hydrogen Energy Utilization in Low-carbon Building
摘要
Abstract
The application of renewable energy in the building sector can greatly reduce carbon emissions.However,due to the intermittent na-ture of renewable energy supply,it cannot meet the energy demands of buildings at all times.In recent years,extensive research has been con-ducted on the application of hydrogen energy in buildings,both domestically and internationally.Firstly,the various stages of hydrogen energy—from production to application in buildings—were reviewed.Current mainstream methods of hydrogen production,storage,transportation,and utilization in buildings,as well as future development trends,were summarized.The results show that hydrogen production via electrolysis of wa-ter using renewable energy is still in its early stages and accounts for only a small share of total hydrogen production.However,with further re-ductions in the cost of wind and solar power generation,and improvements in long-distance hydrogen storage and transportation,this method may become a primary means of hydrogen production in the future.Proton exchange membrane electrolyzers show good potential for absorbing fluctuating wind and photovoltaic power.Liquid hydrogen transport by vehicles and ships,pure hydrogen pipelines,and natural gas pipelines blended with hydrogen are likely to be the main forms of hydrogen transport moving forward.Currently,hydrogen is used in buildings in several ways:blending with natural gas,using pure hydrogen,converting hydrogen to methane,and applying hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration systems.Secondly,the specific forms of building hydrogen utilization systems were categorized,including combinations of photovoltaic hydrogen storage with solar thermal systems,ground source heat pumps,hydrogen fuel vehicles,batteries,and fossil fuel systems.The structure and operational strategies of these systems were outlined.Practical cases of hydrogen application in buildings—spanning residential buildings,office buildings,building clusters,and communities—were collected and described,along with typical examples highlighting the modes and key parameters of hy-drogen utilization.The cost conditions related to photovoltaic hydrogen production,hydrogen storage and transport,and hydrogen fuel cells were also detailed.The results indicate that although photovoltaic hydrogen production is still more expensive than hydrogen production from coke oven gas,it shows competitiveness compared to other methods such as natural gas reforming,methanol-based production,and ammonia decom-position.From a carbon emission perspective,photovoltaic hydrogen production holds significant advantages over coke oven gas methods in the long term.At present,most hydrogen-related equipment in China relies on imports.High costs,particularly for hydrogen fuel cells,remain a key obstacle to the broader promotion of hydrogen energy.Finally,the application of hydrogen energy in buildings in China was discussed,and future development directions were summarized,including how to match building load characteristics in various scenarios with different energy storage systems;evaluating the comprehensive performance of hydrogen energy systems in buildings;and achieving breakthroughs in key technologies such as renewable hydrogen production,fuel cells,and combined heat and power generation to reduce the cost of hydrogen utilization.These re-search findings can serve as a reference for promoting and applying hydrogen energy in Chinese buildings.关键词
碳中和/低碳建筑/可再生能源/氢储能/绿氢Key words
carbon neutrality/low-carbon building/renewable energy resources/hydrogen storage/green hydrogen分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
朱新荣,王勇超,杨柳..低碳建筑氢能利用研究进展[J].工程科学与技术,2025,57(3):61-71,11.基金项目
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2024JC-YBMS-313) （2024JC-YBMS-313）
高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室开放课题(20220112) （20220112）
陕西省教育厅重点实验室科学研究计划项目(23JS029) （23JS029）
西安建筑科技大学前沿交叉领域培育专项(X20220078) 项目来源或名称 （X20220078）
