基于运动生物力学的运动护膝研究进展OA北大核心

In sports,excessive force on various parts of the human body can lead to overloaded fatigue and cause sports injuries.Specifically,the knee joint has a relatively high probability of sports injuries.Sports knee pads couple with the human lower limbs during use to exert their efficacy and can change biomechanical characteristics related to human sports injuries to reduce or avoid the occurrence of knee joint sports injuries.In-depth research on the protective performance of sports knee pads based on sports biomechanics can more scientifically guide the product design of sports knee pads and meet the performance needs of sports people for sports knee pads.This paper reviews the characteristic parameters,experimental testing techniques and simulation analysis methods of sports biomechanics,as well as the research progress on the influence and protective performance of sports knee pads on human sports biomechanics,summarizes the application of sports biomechanics in sports knee pad research,and analyzes the development trends of future sports knee pad performance research and test evaluation to provide reference for the research and development of sports knee pad products. The characteristic parameters and testing methods of sports biomechanics mainly include three aspects:kinematics,physiology,and dynamics.Among them,kinematics testing generally uses technologies such as camera measurement,video analysis,infrared light spot motion capture,and inertial sensing to record and analyze human spatio-temporal gait,joint angles and other motion posture parameters.Physiology testing mainly collects physiological parameters such as human heart rate,oxygen uptake,blood lactic acid concentration,and surface electromyogram signals through intelligent sensing technology.Dynamics testing mainly uses mechanical sensors to measure the interaction force between the human body and the environment or equipment during exercise to solve and analyze the influence of force on human movement.The simulation analysis methods of sports biomechanics mainly include dynamic simulation modeling and finite element simulation analysis method.Through virtual simulation and three-dimensional modeling technology,the complex biomechanical response of the human body during exercise is analyzed and evaluated.Wearing sports knee pads will change the characteristic parameters of human sports biomechanics,which is mainly affected by factors such as the type and pressure level of sports knee pads,the physical characteristics of users,and the movement state and environment.Relevant research shows that adjusting the material,structure and knitting process of sports knee pads based on the changes of human sports biomechanical characteristic parameters can improve the protective performance of sports knee pads.At present,there is insufficient systematic research on professional sports knee pads for different sports and groups.In addition,limited by testing and analysis technology,the evaluation of the protective performance of sports knee pads for large outdoor venue activities is still not perfect. This paper comprehensively analyzes the application of sports biomechanics in the design and research of sports knee pads,providing a theoretical basis for improving the design of sports knee pads.In the future,it is necessary to deeply study the protective mechanism of sports knee pads from the perspectives of anatomy and biomechanics,fully understand the interaction relationship between sports knee pads,people and the environment,comprehensively consider various influencing factors,and carry out integrated research on the material,structure and process of sports knee pads based on the change laws of human biomechanical characteristic parameters in specific sports.Meanwhile,it is necessary to leverage computer deep learning and big data support,and employ more intelligent and precise biomechanical testing and analysis technologies to accurately identify and analyze dynamic human parameters in real time,so as to enhance the scientific rigor and accuracy of performance testing and evaluation for sports knee pads.