水生态学杂志2025，Vol.46Issue(3)：40-49,10.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202501130004
微塑料和苯并[b]荧蒽暴露对泥蚶免疫的影响及其机理研究
Impact of Microplastics and Benzo[b]fluoranthene Exposure on Immunity of Tegillarca granosa and Mechanism Research
摘要
Abstract
Tegillarca granosa(blood clam)is a typical filter-feeding benthic mollusk and it is a tradition-al economically significant aquaculture species in coastal regions of China.Blood clams predominantly inhabit nearshore waters where pollution frequently occurs,so they are more susceptible to the influence of human-derived contaminants such as microplastics(MPs)and benzo[b]fluoranthene(BbF)given their limited ability to evade pollutants and relatively weak metabolic purification capacity.In this study,blood clams were selected for research,and we investigated the impact of single and combined exposure to MPs and BbF on the immune response of blood cells in T.granosa as well as the toxic mechanisms induced by exposure to MPs and BbF.This research contributes to our understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of MPs and BbF,and provides a theoretical basis for the scientific management of environmental pollu-tion issues in the shellfish aquaculture industry.Healthy blood clams of shell length of(37.9±5.13)mm were selected for the test after a two week acclimation period,and five test groups were set:a control,MPs treatment(0.26 mg/L),DMSO solution control group,BbF treatment(2 μg/L),BbF and MPs com-bined treatment(BbF+MPs:BbF 2 μg/L and MPs 0.26 mg/L).The test lasted 30 d,and the effect of MPs and BbF exposure on the blood cells and metabolism of T.granosa were determined at the end of the test.Results show that both single and combined exposure to MPs and BbF for 30 days significantly sup-pressed the immune response of T.granosa.To elucidate the underlying mechanisms,we further explored the impacts of MPs and BbF on the cellular damage,metabolic energy supply,and immune-related signal-ing pathways of T.granosa.In terms of cellular damage,MPs and BbF exposure led to significant increas-es in intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and Caspase-3,and induction of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage.These changes resulted in blood cell apoptosis and a reduction in the proportion of red granular cells,thereby im-pairing cell viability and phagocytic capacity.Regarding energy supply,BbF and MPs exposure disrupted the metabolism of T.granosa,reducing ATP levels in blood cells and consequently inhibiting phagocytic activity.In the context of immune signaling pathways,MPs and BbF exposure downregulated the expres-sion of NFκB1 and TRAF6 genes,interfering with NFκB signaling pathway transduction and ultimately impairing immune function.Furthermore,combined MPs and BbF exposure induced excessive activation of immune cells,exacerbating immune damage.In conclusion,MPs and BbF suppresses the immune re-sponse of T.granosa by causing blood-cell damage,impairing energy supply,and disrupting immune sig-naling pathways.关键词
苯并[b]荧蒽/微塑料/泥蚶/免疫/能量供应Key words
benzo[b]fluoranthene/microplastics/Tegillarca granosa/immunity/energy supply分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李伟峰,吴俊超,朱俊,施巍..微塑料和苯并[b]荧蒽暴露对泥蚶免疫的影响及其机理研究[J].水生态学杂志,2025,46(3):40-49,10.基金项目
浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02069) （2021C02069）
国家自然科学基金(32172944,42306220). （32172944,42306220）
