水生态学杂志2025，Vol.46Issue(3)：133-143,11.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202310250298
衡水湖鱼类群落结构及优势种鱼类体长-体重关系分析
Fish Community Structure and Body Length-weight Relationships of Dominant Species in Hengshui Lake
摘要
Abstract
Hengshui Lake,located in the Hengshui City of Hebei Province,is the second largest freshwa-ter lake on the North China Plain,with a surface area of 75 km2.In recent years,the water environment of Hengshui Lake has deteriorated,threatening fish habitat.In this study,fishery resource surveys were con-ducted at three sampling sites in Hengshui Lake in May and June of 2021 and 2022,and we analyzed the fish resource status and fish community structure based on the survey results and community diversity in-dices.Body length-weight relationships of dominant fish species were fitted to the power function,W=aLb,and the growth status of dominant fish was explored using the Fulton index(K)and relative weight(Wr)of the dominant species.We aimed to provide basic data and scientific support for fish resource conserva-tion and ecosystem restoration in Hengshui Lake.A total of 39 species belonging to 33 genera,14 families and 6 orders were collected and Cypriniformes were most abundant with 27 species,accounting for 69.23%of the total,followed by Perciformes(7 species,17.95%),Siluriformes(2 species,5.13%),Sal-moniformes,Synbranchiformes,and Mugilidae(1 species in each group,2.56%).Cyprinus carpio,Caras-sius auratus,Pseudorasbora parva,Cultrichthys erythopterus,Hemiculter tchangi and Hypophthalmich-thys molitrix were the dominant species in Hengshui Lake,accounting for 62.37%of the total mass of the fish catch and 52.98%of the total number.The Shannon-Wiener diversity(H'),Margalef richness(D)and Pielou evenness(J')indices of the fish community in Hengshui Lake were,respectively,2.77,3.91,0.79 in 2021,and 2.68,3.57,0.79 in 2022.In terms of ecological type,the fish community was dominated by omnivorous species(22 species,56.41%of the total species),bottom layer species(18 species,46.15%of the total species)and species with viscous eggs(22 species,56.41%of the total species).The relation-ship between body length and weight of dominant fish species was fitted to the function,W=aLb,and the Fulton conditional factor(CF)of the fish community was in the range of 0.32-14.73,with the relative weight of 18.50-560.28.The results show that dominant fish species exhibited allometric growth,indicat-ing low-productivity.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out long-term monitoring and conservation of fish resources in Hengshui Lake.Our research added to basic data on fish community structure and domi-nant fish growth characteristics,and provides a reference for the protection and restoration of fish resourc-es in Hengshui Lake.关键词
鱼类群落结构/多样性分析/优势种/体长-体重/衡水湖Key words
fish community structure/diversity analysis/dominant species/body length-weight/Hengshui Lake分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
何姗,曾燏,杨晴,丁庆秋,胡莲,史方,邹曦..衡水湖鱼类群落结构及优势种鱼类体长-体重关系分析[J].水生态学杂志,2025,46(3):133-143,11.基金项目
四川省科技厅项目(2022NSFSC0129,2023YFN0042,2023NSFSC0209) （2022NSFSC0129,2023YFN0042,2023NSFSC0209）
武汉市知识创新专项基础研究项目(2022020801010171). （2022020801010171）
