计算机技术与发展2025，Vol.35Issue(5)：60-66,7.DOI:10.20165/j.cnki.ISSN1673-629X.2024.0400
适用于UTXO模型定长存储的轻节点研究
Research on Lightweight Nodes with Fixed-length Storage Based on UTXO Model
摘要
Abstract
The current blockchain based on the UTXO model requires nodes to retain the entire and ever-growing UTXO set for transaction verification,posing challenges to devices with limited storage resources and leading to network centralization.Stateless blockchain technology can combine the massive UTXO set into a short and fixed-size commitment through accumulators,but the compu-tational overhead required for dynamically deleting set elements during transaction processing is immense,and some lightweight nodes do not support transaction submission.We propose a lightweight node with fixed-length storage suitable for the UTXO model,which can both verify the validity of transactions and submit transactions under constant storage capacity.This scheme utilizes two data structures that support only element addition operations to replace the UTXO set:the STXO set and the TXO set.Valid UTXOs belong to the TXO set but not the STXO set.New STXO and TXO commitments are constructed using RSA accumulators and MMR,respectively.Lightweight nodes only need to store the latest block commitments and interact with full nodes,achieving transaction validity verification and submission while reducing storage overhead.Evaluation results show that lightweight nodes can achieve fixed-length storage;lightweight nodes can verify transactions with low computational load;full nodes exhibit optimized performance during commitment updating processes.关键词
UTXO/RSA累加器/STXO承诺/TXO承诺/无状态区块链Key words
UTXO/RSA accumulator/STXO commitment/TXO commitment/Stateless blockchain分类
计算机与自动化引用本文复制引用
刘蕊嘉,李敏..适用于UTXO模型定长存储的轻节点研究[J].计算机技术与发展,2025,35(5):60-66,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(61902285) （61902285）
