信号处理2025，Vol.41Issue(5)：867-885,19.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2025.05.008
基于启发式搜索的极化雷达无人机检测方法
Heuristic Search-Based Detection in Polarimetric Radar for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
摘要
Abstract
To address the detection challenges posed by the low observability and high maneuverability of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)targets in complex electromagnetic environments,we propose a heuristic search-based detection method in polarimetric radar for UAV.By establishing a heuristic search framework that integrates kinematic,accelera-tion,and polarimetric-energy-consistency constraints,this approach effectively overcomes the limitations of high com-putational complexity and poor adaptability to maneuvering inherent in conventional multi-frame detection methods.First,we constructed a three-dimensional state space based on the time-range-velocity data matrix derived from short-time Fourier transform-processed radar signals.Second,we designed a multi-constraint heuristic function.We estab-lished kinematic constraints on a velocity-range mapping model through kinematic equations to derive inter-frame reach-able regions for search space compression.We also incorporated acceleration constraints including penalty terms to sup-press non-physical maneuver trajectories.And we set polarimetric-energy-consistency constraints to realize a cross-validation mechanism combining geometric mean and minimum value criteria by leveraging the energy focusing charac-teristics of dual-polarization channels.Finally,we unified these three constraints into a heuristic-function-based evalua-tion criterion via linear weighting,with dynamic pruning and path optimization achieved through the greedy best-first search method.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves detection rates exceeding 80%for constant-velocity targets,uniformly accelerated targets,and time-varying accelerated targets when the signal-to-noise ra-tio exceeds 5 dB,significantly outperforming traditional detection methods featuring constant false alarm rate.Further-more,the required signal-to-noise ratio for attaining trajectory correctness rates greater than 80%was reduced by over 5 dB compared to conventional approaches.Validation using real measured data demonstrates continuous trajectory detec-tion capability for both fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAV under fluctuating signal-to-noise ratio conditions.Both simula-tion analysis and real measured data validation confirm that the proposed multi-constraint heuristic search mechanism en-ables effective detection of complex maneuvering UAV through synergistic optimization of physical principles and obser-vational data.关键词
多帧检测/启发式搜索/无人机/目标检测/极化雷达Key words
multi-frame detection/heuristic search/unmanned aerial vehicle/target detection/polarimetric radar分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
杨博宇,杨勇,李永祯,李泽榕,周保一..基于启发式搜索的极化雷达无人机检测方法[J].信号处理,2025,41(5):867-885,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62171447) The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171447) （62171447）
