中国城市林业2025，Vol.23Issue(2)：18-25,8.DOI:10.12169/zgcsly.2025.01.21.0003
哈尔滨城市居民区鸟类多样性与空间分布
Bird Diversity in Urban Residential Areas of Harbin and Its Spatial Distribution
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the key factors affecting the bird diversity in green spaces of residential compounds.[Method]In the 42 urban residential compounds in the core area of Harbin,field surveys are conducted on 161 sampling points,and a multiple regression model is used to analyze the spatial differentiation of bird diversity.[Result]1)A total of 2 576 wild birds belonging to 17 species in 13 families of 6 orders are recorded,with sparrows and magpies as dominant species.The birds are classified into omnivorous,herbivorous,and insectivorous groups by food sources,reflecting the characteristic of"synchronous urbanization"of birds;2)The distribution of birds in the study area shows a high level of bird diversity in high-rise residential compounds along the river,while a low level of bird diversity in multi-story residential compounds away from the river.There are significant differences in species diversity among the four types of green spaces in residential compounds;3)Residential compounds near urban river corridors have significant bird community structures in their green space,while green spaces far from urban ecological sources have larger bird community sizes but narrow community structures.Some small green spaces near ecological corridors have a lower number of birds but higher species richness;and 4)In addition to natural habitats such as vegetation and water bodies,the artificial interfaces where birds stay include building facades and eaves,hard surface areas such as roads and squares,and facilities such as pavilions,utility poles,sculptures,etc;Migratory birds and visitor birds prefer vegetation layers that are vertically far from the ground,and 40.93%of these birds live in the layer of tall tree.[Conclusion]Residential compounds with a high density have a higher level of bird diversity.For green spaces in the same location,expanding the green space area,enhancing green space connectivity,and increasing tall tree richness can make the level of bird diversity uplifted.Migratory birds prefer resting points higher above the ground and closer to rivers.In the future regeneration of urban green spaces in residential compounds,the spatial precision of bird survey should be improved in accordance with the grades of distance from ecological sources so as to provide references for the design of green spaces in urban compounds and for bird protection.关键词
居民区绿地/鸟类多样性/空间分布/栖息位置Key words
residential green space/bird diversity/spatial distribution/habitat location引用本文复制引用
姜瑞,刘嘉博,朱逊..哈尔滨城市居民区鸟类多样性与空间分布[J].中国城市林业,2025,23(2):18-25,8.基金项目
黑龙江省科技创新基地奖励项目(JD24A015) （JD24A015）
黑龙江省文化和旅游科研课题重点课题(2024WL03) （2024WL03）
