秸秆炭基肥料对水稻土壤质量与养分利用及微生物群落的作用OA北大核心

The long-term and excessive use of chemical fertilizers has led to declining soil quality and environmental issues,attracting widespread attention.Directly returning straw produced during agricultural production to the field can lead to planting obstacles and environmental risks.This study aims to explore the effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with different proportions of biochar-based fertilizers on the quality of paddy soil,enzymatic properties,microbial community structure,and rice growth.The results indicated that the treatments with biochar-based fertilizers effectively improved soil structure and nutrient status,stimulated soil enzyme activity,and improved microbial community structure.Among them,the 50%substitution ratio treatment had the best effect.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter content of soil at mature increased by 36.03%,28.36%,and 19.53%,respectively.The activities of catalase and sucrase increased by 12.24%and 29.67%,respectively,and the Chao,Ace,and Shannon indices increased by 22.20%,21.97%,and 6.33%,respectively.Moreover,the application of biochar-based fertilizers significantly promoted rice growth,nutrient absorption and utilization.Among them,the 50%substitution ratio treatment had the best effect.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,rice yield and aboveground dry matter quality increased by 14.44%and 15.95%,respectively,the absorption efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium increased by 18.94%,19.18%,and 19.07%,respectively.The preparation of fertilizers through straw carbonization helps promote the resource utilization and recycling of waste straw.