中国全科医学2025，Vol.28Issue(19)：2376-2383,8.DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0818
我国村医医疗服务能力现状与提升策略研究
Research on the Current Status and Improvement Strategies of the Medical Service Capacities of Village Doctors in China
摘要
Abstract
Background With the nationwide implementation of the"Healthy China"strategy,the health disparities between urban and rural populations have narrowed.However,there is still a mismatch between the medical service capacities of village doctors and the medical service needs of rural residents.Village doctors are the first point of contact for rural residents'health concerns.Objective This study aims to evaluate the current medical service capacities of village doctors across the eastern,central,and western China,identify their strengths and weaknesses,and propose targeted strategies for improvement.The findings will provide references for building the capacities of primary health care professionals in rural areas.Methods In August 2020,the research group used the mixed methods of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling and typical sampling to select 3 916 village doctors from five provinces in the eastern,central,and western China.By distributing questionnaires on the"wjx.cn"platform,an online survey was conducted on the current status of the medical service capacities of village doctors from seven aspects:diagnosis and treatment of common and frequently occurring diseases,emergency response to critical conditions,standardized use of medical devices,community rehabilitation guidance,medical collaboration,medical document writing,and traditional Chinese medicine services.Results Among the 3 916 village doctors included in the analysis,2 925(74.7%)were able to diagnose and treat common and frequently occurring diseases.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(81.2%),followed by the eastern region(79.6%),and lowest in the western region(59.1%).2 098(53.6%)had the ability of emergency response to critical illnesses.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(61.6%),followed by the eastern region(52.3%),and lowest in the western region(40.1%).2 081(53.1%)could use medical devices in a standardized way.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(62.3%),followed by the eastern region(53.8%),and lowest in the western region(36.3%).2 073(52.9%)had the ability to provide community rehabilitation services.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(59.7%),followed by the eastern region(53.6%),and lowest in the western region(40.3%).3 120(79.7%)were capable of writing medical documents.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(82.6%),followed by the eastern region(82.0%),and lowest in the western region(72.7%).2 190(55.9%)possessed the ability of medical collaboration.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the central region(61.0%),followed by the eastern region(57.9%),and lowest in the western region(45.3%).2 443(62.4%)were able to provide traditional Chinese medicine services.The competence rates of village doctors were highest in the western region(64.8%),followed by the central region(62.7%),and lowest in the eastern region(58.7%).Conclusion Village doctors possess adequate medical service skills,essentially catering to the general medical service needs of rural residents.The overall medical service capacities should be improved,and there exist notable discrepancies in medical service capacities across various regions.It is recommended to strengthen the training of village doctors so as to enhance the overall quality of the primary health care professionals in rural areas,improve the construction of hardware facilities and information technology for village-level medical services,and promote the effective implementation of the first visit system at the primary health care level.关键词
乡村医生/医疗服务/服务能力/横断面研究Key words
Rural doctors/Medical service/Service capacity/Cross-sectional studies分类
预防医学引用本文复制引用
李思清,王萱萱,谢坤,高淑红,陈家应,张朝阳..我国村医医疗服务能力现状与提升策略研究[J].中国全科医学,2025,28(19):2376-2383,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71874087) （71874087）
中国-盖茨基金会农村基本卫生保健项目(OPP1176308) （OPP1176308）
