中国人口·资源与环境2025，Vol.35Issue(2)：55-67,13.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20241006
建筑生命周期碳排放核算方法的国际标准比较
Comparative study of international standards for carbon emission accounting methods in building life cycles
摘要
Abstract
Carbon emission accounting in buildings serves as a crucial foundation for achieving China's"dual carbon"goals of reach-ing peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality in the construction sector.It is an essential step toward reducing emissions and manag-ing carbon in the construction industry,playing a significant role in ensuring the timely realization of the"dual carbon"goals.In recent years,China has successively developed national,industrial,and regional standards for building carbon emission accounting,establish-ing a relatively comprehensive standardization system.Meanwhile,several advanced countries have developed mature life cycle-based carbon emission accounting standards,with intentions to use such standards as trade barriers.Understanding,comparing,and learning from these international standards can help accelerate China's green and low-carbon transition while enabling China to actively engage in the next round of international competition and meet the global community's expectations for transparency and sustainability in car-bon emissions.This study compared international standards related to carbon emissions throughout the building life cycle in advanced economies by analyzing specific provisions such as accounting boundaries,methods,and data requirements.The findings aimed to pro-vide references for improving China's building carbon emission accounting standardization system.The results revealed that:① Chi-na's carbon emission accounting standards for buildings had limited scope,lacked clear principles for defining boundaries,reported car-bon offset results inappropriately,and failed to assess data uncertainties.② Carbon emission factors of building materials,a key param-eter in life cycle accounting,were insufficient in scope and lacked transparency.③ The Chinese construction industry lacked detailed product category rules(PCRs),and the use of industry-average carbon emission factors failed to adequately reflect the impact of differ-ent materials on building carbon emissions.Based on these findings,the study recommends:① improving and supplementing methods for building life cycle carbon emission accounting to ensure their feasibility in guiding and supporting China's carbon emission evalua-tion practices while aligning with international standards;② leveraging emerging information infrastructure and technological solutions to develop an open-source,shared,and reliable database of carbon emission factors for building products,thereby addressing issues of inaccessibility and lack of credibility of emission factors and providing a robust data foundation for the green and low-carbon develop-ment of China's construction sector;③ promoting the development of PCRs for the Chinese construction industry and integrating them with carbon emission accounting standards to form a cohesive standard system.Following the establishment of environmental product declarations(EPDs),the associated carbon emission results should be incorporated into the database,further enriching and enhancing China's carbon emission data system for building products.关键词
生命周期评价/建筑/碳排放/标准Key words
life cycle assessment/buiding/carbon emissions/standard分类
环境科学引用本文复制引用
郭静,白月阳,齐剑川,李楠,徐明..建筑生命周期碳排放核算方法的国际标准比较[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2025,35(2):55-67,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目"数据驱动的水泥潜在固废原料识别与低碳路径优化"(批准号:52300234) （批准号:52300234）
国家重点研发计划政府间合作项目"面向AI赋能的建筑生命周期评价研究"(批准号:2023YFE0122400). （批准号:2023YFE0122400）
