中国人口·资源与环境2025，Vol.35Issue(2)：101-112,12.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20241007
契约生产模式对生猪养殖户的增效减排影响
Efficiency enhancement and emission reduction impact of contract farming on pig farmers
摘要
Abstract
China is a major producer and consumer of pork,making efficiency enhancement and emission reduction in pig farming crit-ically important.Under the"people-centered development philosophy"and the agricultural reality of being a"large country with small-scale farmers,"small-and medium-scale pig farmers constitute the backbone of the industry but also represent its developmental bottle-neck.Contract farming,as one of the primary mechanisms through which capital integrates into the pig farming sector,raises a crucial question:Can it effectively enhance efficiency and reduce emissions for small-and medium-scale farmers?This study utilized micro-level survey data collected from pig farmers across seven major pig-farming provinces in South China,Central China,East China,South-west China,and Northeast China.Using inverse probability weighting(IPW)and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment(IP-WRA)methods,the study evaluated the impact of contract farming on enhancing efficiency and reducing emissions for pig farmers.The findings were as follows:① The integration of capital through contract farming provided ordinary farmers,relatively"disadvantaged"and risk-averse,with a foothold in increasingly competitive markets.② Leveraging its essence of specialization,division of labor,and institutional safeguards,the contract farming model significantly enhanced labor productivity,technical efficiency,and environmental efficiency among pig farmers,achieving both efficiency enhancement and emissions reductions.③ The mechanism underlying these im-provements lay in the capital-driven transformation of farmers'production methods toward greater scale and intelligence under the con-tract farming model.④ Heterogeneity analysis indicated that the effects of efficiency enhancement and emissions reduction under con-tract farming varied depending on factors such as education level,farm size,disease shocks,and regional differences.Specifically,farm-ers with lower educational attainment experienced significant improvements in technical and environmental efficiency,while those with higher education levels exhibited notable gains in labor productivity and technical efficiency.Large-scale farmers and those who com-menced operations prior to the African Swine Fever outbreak achieved both efficiency enhancement and emissions reductions,whereas small-scale farmers and those who began operations post-outbreak showed significant improvements only in labor productivity.Com-pared to farmers in source areas,those in major consumption regions and regions with balanced production and consumption demon-strated more pronounced improvements in both efficiency and emissions reduction.Based on these findings,this study recommends sup-porting enterprises that offer contract farming models tailored to local conditions,enhancing farmers'awareness and participation in such arrangements,and promoting appropriately scaled and intelligent farming practices.Additionally,targeted management strategies should be provided to different types of farmers to maximize their strengths and mitigate their weaknesses.关键词
契约生产模式/生猪养殖/增效减排/资本嵌入/效率变革Key words
contract farming model/pig farming/efficiency enhancement and emission reduction/capital integration/efficiency trans-formation分类
经济学引用本文复制引用
江惠,王明利,江激宇,励汀郁..契约生产模式对生猪养殖户的增效减排影响[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2025,35(2):101-112,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目"基于可持续发展的畜牧业现代化路径与政策支持体系研究"(批准号:72033009) （批准号:72033009）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(批准号:10-IAED-01-2024). （批准号:10-IAED-01-2024）
