中国水稻科学2025，Vol.39Issue(3)：373-386,14.DOI:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2025.240515
盐-旱复合胁迫下粳稻品种南粳9108籽粒灌浆特性及其与产量形成的关系
Grain-filling Characteristics and Its Relationship with Grain Yield Formation of japonica Rice Nanjing 9108 Under Combined Salinity-drought Stress
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effects of combined salinity-drought stress on rice grain-filling characteristics and its relationship with yield formation.[Method]The study was conducted with conventional japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108,which is widely cultivated in the coastal saline soil of Jiangsu Province,China.The experimental design consisted of factorial combinations of salinity and drought stresses:salinity stress induded non-salinity(NS,salt concentration 0%)and high-salinity stress(HS,salt concentration 0.3%);while drought regimes comprised well-watered(WW),moderate drought(MD),and severe drought(SD)treatments from jointing stage to heading stage.[Result]Compared with non-stress,1)the yield reduction under salinity stress,drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress was 36.8%,13.7%-30.0%,and 60.3%-107.1%,respectively(two-year average).2)the number of panicles per unit area,grains per panicle,seed setting rate,and the thousand-grain weight were all lower under single salinity stress,single drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress,and the reduction was greater under combined salinity-drought stress;the panicle length,and grain weight and seed setting rate of superior and inferior grains showed a similar trend.3)single salinity stress,single drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress significantly reduced dry matter weight at jointing and heading and the accumulation of dry matter weight from heading to maturity,as well as leaf photosynthetic rate and SPAD value at 20 and 40 days after heading;the reductions under combined salinity-drought stress were greater than those under single salinity and single drought stress.4)the maximum grain-filling rate and the mean grain-filling rate of superior and inferior grains were lower under single salinity stress,single drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress,while the time to reach the maximum grain-filling rate and the effective grain-filling period of superior grains showed an increasing trend,and the differences in the time to reach the maximum grain-filling rate and the effective grain-filling period of inferior grains were smaller.The number of days in the early,middle,and late periods were greater under single salinity stress,single drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress,while lower for the mean grain-filling rate and grain-filling amount.5)single salinity stress,single drought stress,and combined salinity-drought stress treatments reduced the activities of key starch synthesis enzymes in grains,especially for AGPase and GBSS enzymes.[Conclusion]This study demonstrats that the grain-filling rate and key starch synthesis enzyme activities of superior and inferior grains decreased significantly and the grain-filling characteristics of superior and inferior grains were deteriorated under single salinity stress,single drought stress,and especially combined salinity-drought stress.The inhibitory effects of combined salinity-drought stress on the grain-filling rate,grain-filling amount of superior and inferior grains,and grain yield were greater than single salinity and drought stress.关键词
水稻/盐-旱复合胁迫/籽粒灌浆特性/产量形成Key words
rice/combined salinity-drought stress/grain-filling characteristics/grain yield formation引用本文复制引用
韦还和,陈英龙,高平磊,许轲,戴其根,汪璐璐,马唯一,张翔,左博源,耿孝宇,朱旺,朱济邹,孟天瑶..盐-旱复合胁迫下粳稻品种南粳9108籽粒灌浆特性及其与产量形成的关系[J].中国水稻科学,2025,39(3):373-386,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(32472222,32001466) （32472222,32001466）
江苏省重点研发计划资助项目(BE2023355) （BE2023355）
江苏省农业科技资助创新资金资助项目(CX(23)1020) （CX(23）
江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究重大项目(23KJA210004) （自然科学）
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFE0113400) （2022YFE0113400）
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金资助项目(BE2022304,BE2022305) （BE2022304,BE2022305）
扬州大学'青蓝工程'项目 （）
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD). （PAPD）
