中兽医医药杂志2025，Vol.44Issue(3)：7-18,12.DOI:10.13823/j.cnki.jtcvm.2025.019
不同采收期叶桑和果桑叶片中营养物质、活性成分及其抗氧化活性研究
Nutrients,active components and antioxidant activity of leaves of leaf mulberry and fruit mulberry at different harvesting times
摘要
Abstract
It was aimed to study the nutrients,active components and antioxidant activities of leaf mulberry and fruit mulberry at different harvesting times,so as to provide theoretical basis for their timely harvesting.The contents of protein,chlorophyll,polyphenols,flavonoids,polysaccharides and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)were determined by UV spectrophotometry,the content of rutin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and the scavenging effects of alcohol extract and polysaccharides on several free radicals were investigated,the differences in the active substances as well as the correlations between the active constituents and the scavenging of free radicals of leaf mulberry and fruit mulberry at different harvesting times were characterized through principal component and correlation analysis.The results showed that the nutrients,active components and antioxidant activities of leafy mulberry and fruit mulberry varied greatly among the five harvesting times,with protein,chlorophyll,and polyphenol contents being the highest in October,August,and June,rutin contents of fruit mulberry being the highest in August and leaf mulberry being the highest in September,the γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)content being an inverse trend,and flavonoids and polysaccharides contents of fruit mulberry being the highest in September and October,and flavonoids and polysaccharides contents of leaf mulberry being the highest in August and September.The analysis of the two principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 resulted in a cumulative variance contribution of 79.330%,with higher composite scores for the leaf mulberry than for the fruit mulberry in August,June,September,July,and October,while the composite scores for the fruit mulberry in September,June,August,July,and October decreased in that order.Antioxidant effect showed that the scavenging of DPPH·and ABTS+·radicals by leaf mulberry gradually decreased,while that of fruit mulberry first decreased,then increased and then decreased again,the scavenging of·OH radicals by both leaf mulberry and fruit mulberry showed insignificant trends,and the scavenging of O2-radicals by leaf mulberry first increased and then decreased,while that of fruit mulberry gradually increased.The contents of polyphenols,flavonoids,and polysaccharides showed highly significant or significant positive correlations with antioxidant capacity.Taken together,leaf mulberry in August and fruit mulberry in September are the best harvesting times in Zhangye area.关键词
桑叶/采收期/营养物质/活性成分/抗氧化活性Key words
mulberry leaves/harvesting times/nutrients/active components/antioxidant activity分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
李彩霞,张振军,张兰兰,唐霞,张勇,王恩军,高海宁..不同采收期叶桑和果桑叶片中营养物质、活性成分及其抗氧化活性研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2025,44(3):7-18,12.基金项目
全国大学生创新创业计划项目(202210740020) （202210740020）
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑引导项目(2019C-01) （2019C-01）
甘肃省教育厅2022年高等学校创新基金项目(2022B-200) （2022B-200）
