草业科学2025，Vol.42Issue(4)：1036-1050,15.DOI:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2024-0549
低氮胁迫下作物谷氨酰胺合成酶—谷氨酸合成酶循环的研究进展
Research progress on crop GS-GOGAT cycle under low nitrogen stress
摘要
Abstract
Nitrogen is necessary for crop growth.Following the uptake of nitrogen from the external environment,crops convert it as organic nitrogen using internal transport and metabolic processes,thereby promoting growth and development.Understanding the process of nitrogen assimilation in crops is crucial for studying the mechanisms of nitrogen metabolism and enhancing the efficient use of nitrogen in crops.This study examined the research progress,hotspots,and development trends of nitrogen assimilation under low nitrogen stress in domestic and foreign crops based on CiteSpace software,presenting a visualized analysis.The results revealed that nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(NiR),glutamine synthetase(GS),glutamate synthetase(GOGAT),and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)exhibit different responses under low nitrogen stress conditions.However,these enzymes are coupled and regulated at multiple levels,leading to functional differentiation among different organs.The NR activity is regulated by the dual-affinity nitrate transporter system(NRTs)and Dof1/miRNA.NiR interacts synergistically with NR to receive light-nitrogen signals and enhances stress resistance by genetically engineered targeted nitrite regulation.GDH facilitates carbon-nitrogen integration and nitrogen mobilization during senescence through isoenzyme mediation.GOGAT isoforms play a dominant role in nitrogen allocation,and their expression is regulated by the nitrogen source type and the genetic background of the species.Finally,we look forward to future research directions for crops in the field of nitrogen metabolism to provide a reference for rational nitrogen application,promote assimilate accumulation,and improve crop yield and quality.关键词
氮代谢/氮同化/低氮胁迫/GS-GOGAT循环/氮利用效率/转录因子/信号通路Key words
nitrogen metabolism/nitrogen assimilation/low nitrogen stress/GS-GOGAT cycle/nitrogen utilization efficiency/transcription factors/signaling pathway引用本文复制引用
方嘉琪,赵妍,周青平,汪辉..低氮胁迫下作物谷氨酰胺合成酶—谷氨酸合成酶循环的研究进展[J].草业科学,2025,42(4):1036-1050,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32001392) （32001392）
四川省自然科学基金项目(2024NSFSC0311) （2024NSFSC0311）
西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023NYXXS088) （2023NYXXS088）
