材料科学与工程学报2025，Vol.43Issue(2)：322-335,14.DOI:10.14136/j.cnki.issn1673-2812.2025.02.020
纳米材料增强建材用地聚合物研究进展
Research Progress of Nano-materials Reinforced Geopolymer for Building Materials
摘要
Abstract
Geopolymer has excellent properties such as high strength and early strength,fire resistance and heat insulation,and low carbon utilization.However,its intrinsic brittleness limits its application in the field of building materials.The use of nano-materials to modify and enhance geopolymers is an effective means to improve its performance.On the basis of expounding the reaction mechanism of geopolymer polymerization,aiming at the research and application of nano-materials reinforced geopolymer materials,the influence of nano-materials on the mechanical properties of geopolymer was analyzed,and the strengthening and toughening mechanism of nano-materials was summarized.After comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that nano-materials are mainly divided into granular,tubular/fibrous and flake shapes.Among them,nano-SiO2 is a common choice to improve the performance of geopolymer materials because of its excellent performance.Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the matrix because of their large aspect ratio and high tensile strength.For different geopolymer matrices,the content and modification mechanism of nano-materials are also different.The filling effect,crystal nucleation effect and polymerization reaction of nano-materials can effectively improve the compactness of geopolymer,and the bridging effect of fibrous or tubular nano-materials with large aspect ratios can effectively prevent the development of micro-cracks.In addition,the existing challenges of nano-materials reinforced geopolymers are also discussed.The high cost of equipment and technology limiting its application,the dispersion process and characterization technology of nano-materials in geopolymers,as well as the synergy between nano-materials and geopolymers,are still the hot topics of current research.It is necessary to seek a low-cost,simple,safe and efficient dispersion process and complete characterization technology and explore the synergy between nano-materials and geopolymers will help to make better use of nano-materials to enhance geopolymers.关键词
地聚合物/纳米材料/增强改性/物理改性/化学改性Key words
Geopolymer/Nano-materials/Modification and reinforcement/Physical modification/Chemical modification分类
土木建筑引用本文复制引用
范利丹,苏洲虎,余永强,杨杰,张纪云,徐峰..纳米材料增强建材用地聚合物研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2025,43(2):322-335,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52208244) （52208244）
河南省科技攻关项目(222102320034,212102310974) （222102320034,212102310974）
