净水技术2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：98-104,130,8.DOI:10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2025.05.011
高速公路服务区污水的高波动特征与优化调控
Characteristics and Optimized Control for High Variability of Waste water in Expressway Service Areas
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Low-maintenance,decentralized water treatment technologies and equipment are a frontier area in global engineering development,and the wastewater treatment systems in expressway service areas serve as typical examples of such low-maintenance,decentralized facilities,where achieving stable treatment and compliance with discharge standards has remained a substantial engineering challenge.[Methods]This paper introduced the causes of poor system stability and low efficiency in these systems through long-term continuous on-site monitoring.Furthermore,feasible solutions were proposed utilizing a mathematical model established with artificial intelligence algorithms.[Results]The monitoring result revealed significant variability in both the quantity and quality of wastewater,with daily variability coefficients as high as 5.2 fold for quantity and 2.3 fold for quality.Specifically,the peak ammonia nitrogen mass concentration and its daily load variation coefficient reached 220 mg N/L and 9.9 fold,respectively.The mass concentration of free ammonia,resulting from high ammonia nitrogen levels,could peak at 97 mg N/L,severely inhibiting microbial activity within the treatment system and leading to a 94％reduction in ammonia nitrogen removal capacity.This sustained negative impact was a critical factor contributing to the system's instability and low treatment efficiency.Thus,the key to resolving these issues lay in controlling the impact of high concentrations of free ammonia on biological systems.Data analysis indicated that nitrogen in service area wastewater predominantly originated from toilet urine,with male toilet urine contributing up to 54％of the nitrogen load,while accounting for only 17％of the total water volume.Simulations results based on the established wastewater quantity and quality prediction model indicated that the separation,storage and pretreatment regulation methods of urine wastewater could effectively reduce both the instantaneous peak concentrations and variability amplitudes of free ammonia,thereby mitigating its in-hibitory effects on microbial activity.[Conclusion]This paper provides practical and feasible solutions for the upgrading and reconstruction of wastewater treatment systems in expressway service areas in China,offering new insights into achieving stable compliance with discharge standards.关键词
高速服务区污水/高氨氮/高波动/特征解析/优化调控Key words
wastewater in expressway service area/high ammonia nitrogen/high variability/characteristics analysis/optimized regulation and control分类
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梁振声,黄韬,黄晓东,黎新才,陈聪凝,江峰..高速公路服务区污水的高波动特征与优化调控[J].净水技术,2025,44(5):98-104,130,8.基金项目
广东省交通集团委托科研项目技术研发课题(HT-99982020-0234) （HT-99982020-0234）
广东省城市水系统管理与治理技术国际联合研究中心(2021A0505020010) （2021A0505020010）
